Tags & Description
significance of exothermicity
The ________ as a driving force depends on the temperature at which the process occurs.
constant temperature
A process occurring at ________ and pressure is spontaneous in the direction in which its free energy decreases.
▵G°
________ is the free energy change for the reaction with all reactants and products at a pressure of 1 atm 17.8 Free Energy and Equilibrium.
Q
________ is the reaction quotient (from the law of mass action)
chemical reaction
For a(n) ________, ▵Ssys is dominated by changes in the number of gaseous molecules.
Entropy
________ can be viewed as a measure of molecular randomness or disorder.
Thermodynamics
________ considers only the initial and final states and does not require knowledge of the pathway between reactants and products.
▵G
________ for a spontaneous process represents the energy that is free to do useful work.
Solids
________ are more ordered than liquids or gases and thus have lower entropy.
T
Because ▵Ssurr depends inversely on ________, exothermicity becomes a more important driving force at low temperatures.
Exothermicity
________ is most important as a driving force at low temperatures 17.4 Free Energy.
Free energy
________ is a state function.
Equilibrium point
________ occurs at the lowest value of free energy available to the reaction system.
real process
When energy is used to do work in a(n) ________, the energy of the universe remains constant but the usefulness of the energy decreases.
energy
When ________ is used to do work, it becomes less organized and less concentrated and thus less useful.
Entropy
________ is a thermodynamic function that describes the number of arrangements that are available to a system existing in a given state.