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ZOOLOGY LAB FINAL EXAM

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To stand erect, facing forward, arms at the side, palms and toes directed forward

Cardinal Plane that divides the body into left and right halves

Cardinal Plane that divides the body intro front and back halves

Cardinal plane that divides the body into upper and lower halves

Frontal or near the front region of the body

hind or near the hind region of the body

Vestigial eye located between the eyeballs

Bulging structures which consists of three eyelids

Transparent structure that covers the eye to protect it and keep it moist

Two openings which are anteriorly located that serves as an entry and exit way of air

Two flat and rounded structures located laterally behind the eyeballs that receives sound waves

main mass of the body

composed of the upper arm, lower arm, carpus, and manus

Made up of the thigh, shanks, tarsus, and pes

Feet of the frog

Hand of the frog

Fingers and toes of the frog

Located in between the digits in the hindlimb which allows them to push themselves in the water for swimming

Tube that connects the mouth and the stomach

opening from the mouth in the respiratory system, to the vocal cord or lungs

Muscular structure attached tot he front of the mouth which can be extended

Sharp teeth in the maxillary that holds captured prey

Small projections in the top of a frog's mouth that holds captured prey

Mouth openings that lead to tubes that connect to the middle ear to equalize air pressure

Opening of cloaca through which indigested food, urine, and sperm are passed

broad muscle posterior to the eye and on the same level as the tympanum

flat fan shaped muscles posterior to the temporalis that originates from the tough fascia in the middorsal line. It inserts into the lower jaw and serves as a jaw depressor.

Broad muscles posterior to and partly covered by the depressor mandibulae

Posterior to the latissimus dorsi these muscles are attached to the anterior third of the urostyle and skull. They are inserted along the vertebral column and they serve as extensor of the back and levator of the head.

A pair of narrow V – shaped muscles posterior to the longissimus dorsi

A pair of broad V shaped muscles posterior to coccygeo sacralis.

A large transverse muscle on the ventral surface of the mouth floor this muscle

A midventral connective tissue partition that divides the mylohyoid into left and right portions

This muscle lies immediately posterior to the strenoradialis and the most anterior of the chest muscle. It originates from the epicoracoidea and it is inserted into the deltoid ridge; it acts as adductor and rotator of the arm.

Posterior to the anterior pectoralis. this muscle takes origin from the mesosternum and xiphisternum. It is inserted into the ventral portion of the proximal end of the humerus and adducts and rotates the arm.

Postero – lateral to the middle pectoralis. it extends to almost the entire portion of the median surface of the trunk. It is inserted into the deltoid ridge; it serves as adductor and rotator of the arm.

This longitudinal muscle extends to each side of the linea alba

a strip of connective tissue that acts as a partition on the midventral line.

Divides the rectus adbominis into muscle segments.

This superficial muscle running obliquely from the abdomen originates from the dorsal fascia and ilium. It is inserted into the aponeuroses on the linea alba, it acts as constrictor of the abdomen.

This median pair of thick muscle is partly covered by the posterior border of the mylohyoid originating from the episternum and omosternum and inserted into the proximal end of the radius , the muscle is a flexor of the forearm.

It passes obliquely ventral to the lateral part of the sternoradialis , originates from the scapula, inserted into the deltoid ridge , it serve as adductor and protractor of the forearm.

Attached to the distal end of the femur this muscle is the largest and the most posterior muscle of the leg. Inserted into the tendon of Achilles, the muscle is a flexor of the shank and extensor of the foot.

Anterior to the gastrocnemius and partly covered by a small muscle which extends from the distal end of the femur to the lower end of the tibio -fibula and proximal end of the tarsals. It acts as flexor and extensor of the foot and extensor of the leg.

The most anterior muscle of the leg is the tibialis anticus . Extending from the distal end of the femur to the proximal ends of the tarsals. The muscle is a flexor of the foot and extensor of the leg.

It is a narrow thick muscle between the gastrocnemius and tibio- fibula and proximal end of the tibiale (astragalus ). Depending on its position the muscle may either be a flexor or an extensor of the foot.

This is the largest muscle that occupies the anterior lateral border of the thigh. It has three heads;(1) vastus externus, the dorsal head;(2)rectus femoris anticus the middle head and (3)vastus internus, the ventral head. Attached to the ilium, acetabulum, and proximal end of the tibio- fibula the muscle is an abductor of the thigh and extensor of the leg.

Posterior to the triceps and partly covered by the vastus externus , this slender muscle is attached from the dorsal side of ilium to the tibio- fibula . It flexes the leg and extends the thigh.

Posterior to the biceps femoris is a large muscle that extends from the dorsal part of the ischium to the back of the head of the tibio- fibula. depending on its position the muscle may either be a flexor or extensor of the leg or adductor of the thigh.

The large posterior ventral muscle taking origin from the posterior edge of the ischium and is inserted into the proximal end of the tibio- fibula is a dermal muscle. It is a major adductor or extensor of the thigh and depending on its position , it can be a flexor or extensor of the shank.

A thin central posterior to the gracilis major that is attached by a tendon from the posterior part of the ischiac sysphysis and inserted into the proximal end of the tibio- fibula by another tendon , this muscle serves as adductor and extensor of the shank.

It is a large pouch of J – shaped structure which is the temporary storage of food.

This is a yellowish or grayish structure slender and irregularly coiled made for the final digestion of food

the colon; it is a structure diameter of which is a little wider than that of the small intestine where undigested food stays or passes through.

It is a large, firm, and reddish brown structure with three lobes that secretes bile to emulsify fats.

A greenish structure located between the lobes of the liver that is used as temporary storage of bile and is connected to the small intestine

It is an irregular flattish glandular tissue lying adjacent to the duodenum that secretes yellowish pancreatic juice.

These are two hollow lobes with thin walls that produce female gametes

These are two slender coiled tubes with fleshy walls close to the mid dorsal line that act as the passageway of ova.

Act as a temporary storage of the egg cells.

Yellowish finger like projections at the anterior portion of the kidney and connected to the ovary that contain food reserved to be utilized during the breeding season and hibernation

These are paired yellowish elongated structures ventrally attached to the kidneys with the mesorchium as mesentery that produces male gametes

These are tubules lying on the mesorchium connecting the testes to the kidneys

Enlarged distal sections of the male frog’s urinary ducts that collect sperm prior to entry into the cloaca

These are a pair of flattened, elongated, dark-red bodies lying in the subvertebral lymph sinus behind the parietal peritoneum that filter the blood and excretes excess water

These are yellowish endocrine glands on the ventral surface of the kidney that secretes hormones

It is a pair of white, slender tube on the postero- lateral of each kidney with a blood vessel, the renal portal vein that is used for the passage of urine, sperm, or other body wastes

It is a bilobedsac on the ventral surface of the cloaca for the temporary storage of urine.

The anterior part of the small intestine into which food passes from the
stomach

Gland which secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.

Organ in the frog’s circulatory system that makes, stores, and destroys blood cells.

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