Ch. 2 Test

What 4 characteristics do mineral have?

solid, non-living, crystalline structure, nature

What is a mineral made out of?

atoms, elements, compounds, crystals, minerals

What is a large enough deposit of an element to gain a profit?

Ore

What are the two types of mining?

surface mining and subsurface/deep mining

What is a rock?

a solid mixture of one or more minerals

What are the three types of rocks?

sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous

Sedimentary rock formed without?

Heat and Pressure; they are compacted and cemented

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

What are the layers in sedimentary rock?

strata

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

heat and pressure

How are igneous rocks formed?

cooling of magma or lava

What are the types of Igneous rocks?

intrusive and extrusive

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

magma cools below the earth's surface

What is a Pluton?

large balloon shaped structures

What is a pegmatite?

tear dropped shaped

How are extrusive igneous rocks formed?

igneous rocks are formed at the surface of the Earth

What are the two things that rocks on Earth constantly change?

shape and composition

Which type of rock is formed on the surface of the earth?

sedimentary

What are forms of intrusive igneous rock?

plutons and pegmatites