ch. 7 emt

The study of the function of the living body and its​ parts, or how the body works in an interrelated​ fashion, is​ called:

physiology

The study of the​ body's structure or design is referred to​ as:

anatomy

What is the BEST reason that the EMT should be knowledgeable about normal anatomy and​ physiology?

It will help the EMT to recognize when​ life-threatening findings are present.

In order to BEST understand what is wrong with the​ body, the EMT will need to​ understand:

what is normally right with the body.

Anatomy refers to​ the:

structure of the body.

Which one of the following statements best describes the term​ physiology?

How the body works

Upon arrival at a scene of a​ fight, you find your patient lying face up on his back. What is this position​ called?

Supine

The lateral recumbent position means the patient is​ lying:

on the right or left side.

The medical term that is used to refer to the back of the patient​ is:

dorsal

Imaginary​ straight-line divisions of the body are​ called:

anatomical planes.

The musculoskeletal system consists of all of the following components EXCEPT​ the:

blood vessels.

Which one of the following is responsible for connecting bone to​ bone?

Ligaments

​Occipital, parietal,​ temporal, and frontal are all parts of​ the:

cranium

The cervical spine is formed by which​ vertebrae?

The first seven vertebrae

Which of the following types of joints allow for the widest range of​ motion?

​Ball-and-socket

The type of joint that comprises the small bones in the hands and feet​ (not fingers or​ toes) is known​ as:

gliding.

Smooth muscle is responsible​ for:

constriction or dilation of the blood vessels.

Deliberate movement is accomplished by which kind of​ muscle?

Voluntary

The​ grape-like structures where the actual air exchange occurs in the lungs are called​ the:

alveoli

The part of the airway that can create the greatest resistance to airflow is the

bronchioles.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding respiratory anatomy in infants and​ children?

The tongue of an infant or child takes up proportionally more space than an​ adult's.

Why is the treatment of pediatric airway swelling more critical than treatment of airway swelling in​ adults?

Because of the small diameter of the airway

During​ exhalation, what causes the air to move out of the​ lungs?

Positive pressure

What is the mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the​ lungs?

Ventilation

You have a patient who has fluid in the​ airway, labored​ breathing, absent breath​ sounds, and a low blood oxygen level and is unresponsive. What should you manage​ FIRST?

Airway occlusion

​Generally, if ventilations continue to worsen despite the use of accessory​ muscles, the​ patient's breathing may be​ considered:

inadequate

At the base of the aortic​ artery, where it originates off the left ventricle is​ the:

aortic valve.

The majority of the mass of the heart is​ located:

to the left of the midline.

The left and right brachial arteries supply blood to​ the:

arms

After leaving a​ capillary, blood enters into what structure on its trip back to the​ heart?

Venule

Which one of the following keep the body systems working​ together?

Nervous system

Which one of the following statements about the nervous system is​ true?

It enables the individual to be aware of the environment.

All of the following are functions of the nervous​ system, EXCEPT:

secreting enzymes into the bloodstream to control sugar balance.

The brain and spinal cord make up​ the:

central nervous system.

Which of the following occurs in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system​ stimulation?

Slowing of the heart rate

Which of the following occurs to the cardiovascular system in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system​ stimulation?

Slowing of the heart rate

The set of neural tracts in the brain that must be functioning to allow consciousness to occur is known as​ the:

reticular activating system.

Given what the reticular activating system does for the​ body, it could also be called​ the:

​"wake and sleep​ center."

The gland that regulates​ metabolism, growth and​ development, and the activity of the nervous system is​ the:

thyroid.

What gland of the body is considered to be the master​ gland?

Pituitary

The hormone epinephrine has which effect on the​ heart's conduction​ system?

It speeds up conduction.

Beta1 stimulation has each of the following effects on the​ heart, EXCEPT:

slows the conduction velocity of the heart.

The subcutaneous layer of the skin plays an important role​ in:

heat preservation.

The role of melanin in the skin is​ to:

provide protection from ultraviolet light.

The parts of the small intestine include each of the​ following, EXCEPT​ the:

colon

The majority of digestion of food into structures that can be more easily absorbed takes place in​ the:

stomach

Urine is transported to the bladder by​ the:

ureter

During the process of urine​ formation, wastes are removed from the circulating blood for elimination. This is done by​ the:

kidneys

Components of the male reproductive system include each of the​ following, EXCEPT​ the:

fallopian tubes.

The structure that is responsible for storing the sperm is called​ the:

epididymis

What is the MOST important reason EMTs should have a good grasp on proper use of medical​ terminology?

It allows clear communication with other health care providers.

Which one of the following contributes the genes that determine hereditary characteristics of an​ offspring?

Ovum

The word part ​cardi/o is considered a​ medical:

root

One day while at the station between​ calls, you are completing a crossword puzzle. One of the clues for a medical term reads​ "a suffix that refers to the​ blood." You would know this to​ be:

emia