Chapter 4 - The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences, 1750–1850

English

The ________ developed a great thirst for Indian cotton textiles known as calicoes in the late seventeenth century.

human civilization

The use of coalfired steam to power machines was a significant advance, ushering ________ out of the biological old regime and into a new one that was no longer constrained by yearly solar energy flows.

Coal

________ is a form of stored solar energy that was set down hundreds of millions of years ago.

Industrial Revolution

The automation of the process of spinning and weaving cotton thread and cloth is widely regarded to have started the ________ in eighteenth- century England.

substitute

The ________ is steam produced by burning.

However, historians of China have demonstrated how fully developed and efficient markets were in eighteenth

and nineteenth-century China during the last thirty years

forest

Textiles, leather, and building were also industries that relied on agricultural or ______ resources.

iron

During the biological old regime, even ______ and steel production relied on wood-charcoal.

economic

The biological old regime therefore imposed constraints not only on the number of the human population but also on ______ production.