Basic Nurse Aide Unit 2 Study Guide

Define medical asepsis; surgical asepsis

the act of preforming accurate clean techniques in order to reduce amount of microbes spread from one person to another

requirements of microbes to live and grow

water, nourishment, oxygen, warm environment, darkness

What is a non-pathogen

non-pathogen: microbes that don't cause infection

What is a pathogen

pathogen: harmful microbe

How does a NA demonstrate standard precautions?

hand hygiene

PPE

proper disposal of contaminated supplies

What is the easiest way to prevent infections from spreading?

preforming the right acts of precautions

washing hands

Define Bloodborne Pathogens

diseases that can be spread through the contact of blood

What is proper gloving procedure?

hand hygiene, gloves on, check for tears

What is done if gloves are torn?

if torn take off and try again

Identify basic methods of bedmaking

closed bed (not in use)

open bed (in use)

occupied bed (person in it)

surgical bed (transfer a patient or arrive by ambulance)

care of clean linens

hold linens away from uniform

NEVER shake linens

place on clean surface

care of dirty linens

remove dirty linen one piece at a time

roll each piece away from you

change wet damp or soiled linens right away

role of NA in maintaining a safe environment for patients in falls, skin injury, burns

make sure the patient feels safe

decrease the person risk of accidents and injuries without limiting mobility and independence

What is the MSDS?

Material safety data sheet

tells how to deal with things

What should you do before cleaning up a hazardous substance?

wear the appropriate PPE

RACE

R rescue

A alarm

C confine

E extinguish

PASS

P pull the pin

A aim

S squeeze

S sweep

How can the NA prevent patient falls?

using bed rails, hand rails, and gait belts

keeping halls and rooms clean

If the patient starts to fall what should the NA do?

make sure the patient falls butt first and protect head

What is the responsibility of the NA if an accident or injury occurs?

Report incidents ASAP and make sure resident is safe

What is the purpose of Risk Management Teams?

viewing recent incidents and coming up with solutions

What is an Incident Report?

explains the incident

When is an Incident Report done?

completed ASAP

List the different restraint alternatives

Rolls

Slanted Cushion

One-on-one

15 Min chacks

Pad alarm (bed or chair)

Personal Alarms

How often do we need to check a person with a restraint

15 minute check ins

how often do we need to remove the restraint to provide basic needs?

every two hours or as often as noted in care plan

When do we use a transfer belt or gait belt?

to support patients and residents during trnasfers

reposition persons in chair and wheelchairs

When transferring a patient they always should have a _____ and _____

gait belt and socks or shoes

Which side do you transfer to when someone has an “affected” or weak side when using a cane; a walker

the side without the cane; the weak side

When ambulating a person where does the NA stand?

on the side or the weakest point

What is friction?

rubbing of one surfaces against another

What is shearing?

when the skin sticks to a surface while muscles slide in direction the body is moving

measures to prevent friction and shearing

rolling the person, Using friction-reducing devices

How does body mechanics apply to the NA?

being able to lift something efficiently

List factors that put an aide at risk for back injuries

not using proper body mechanics

lifting heavy objects

Good body mechanics involves

Bend from the knees not the waist

hold items close to body

squat to lift a heavy object

What are the triggers for using a mechanical lift

cannot help themselves, too heavy for staff to transfer

What are the regulations for using a mechanical lift

MUST BE TRAINED, it must work, must be in good repair, must not exceed lift capacity, at least two staff members

Dangling

sitting on the side of the bed

LOGROLLING

turning the person as a unit

NORMAL BODY ALIGNMENT

arms at one's side, palms directed forward, and feet pointed forward and slightly apart

FLOAT HEELS

patients heels should be off bed removing any contact

How often is a patient repositioned?

every two hours

What are the different bed positions?

Fowler’s Position

High Fowler’s Position

Reverse Trendelenburg

Semi-Fowler’s Position

Trendelenburg’s Position

Define the guidelines for ROM

usually done 2 times/day

persons on bedrest need more

Define terminology related to ROM

PASSIVE: Someone moves the joints

ACTIVE: by the person

ACTIVE-PASSIVE: Person exercises with help

CONTRACTURE

decreased motion and stiffness of muscle

ATROPHY

wasting away

FOOT DROP

foot falls down at the ankle

What position should you position the person in when making an occupied bed?

Keep person in good alignment

what can’t you do with spills?

leave them unattended