Nutrition Exam 4

Fat soluble vitamin absoprtion

absorbed like fats, first into the lymph and then into the blood

Fat soluble vitamin transport and storage

Must travel with protein carriers in watery body fluids; stored in the liver or fatty tissue

Fat soluble vitamin excretion

Not readily excreted; tend to build up in the tissues

Fat soluble vitamin toxicity

toxicities are more likely fro supplements but occur rarely in food

Fat soluble vitamin requirements

needed in periodic doses (perhaps weeks or even months) because the body can draw on its stores

Water soluble vitamin absorption

absorbed directly into the blood

Water soluble vitamin transport and storage

travel freely in watery fluids; most are not stored in the body

Water soluble vitamin excretion

readily excreted in the urine

Water soluble vitamin toxicity

toxicities are unlikely but possible with high doses from supplements

Water soluble vitamin requirements

needed in frequent doses (perhaps one to three days) because the body does not store most of them to an extent

Vitamin A soluble

fat (1)

Vitamin D soluble

fat (2)

Vitamin E soluble

fat (3)

Vitamin K soluble

fat (4)

Vitamin B soluble

water (1)

Vitamin C soluble

water (2)

Vitamin A precursor

beta-carotene

vitamin a

retinol

vitamin a sources

animals, plants

vitamin a normal range

500-3000 micrograms a day

vitamin d

calcitriol

vitamin d sources

sunlight synthesis, milk/dairy, fortified products

vitamin d normal range

15 micrograms daily

vitamin e

tocopherol

vitamin e sources

anything w or made from oil (mayo, seeds, wheat germ also)

vitamin e normal range

15 mg

Vitamin k

phylloquinone (green plants) and menaquinone (bacterially synthesized)

vitamin k sources

intestinal bacteria and dark leafy green veggies

vitamin k normal range

120 micrograms (men) and 90 micrograms (women)

vitamin c

ascorbic acid

vitamin c sources

fruits and vegetables (and white potatoes)

vitamin c normal range

90mg (men) 75mg (women) [smokers add 35]