AP Euro Scar Cards

Nicolas Copernicus

Polish Clergymen and astronomer that evolved physics and overruled Aristotle Physics; Helio-centric universe.

(Very) Early Denmark

Denmark did its best to expand during the 30 years war, but military struggles and shared power caused their efforts to be futile

Charles XI of Sweden

Was given a stable country and ruined it during the 30 years war by trying too hard to win

Voltaire

Very popular and intelligent philosophe that wrote Candide

Skepticism

Being skeptical (questioning) something that does not make sense Ex: Bayle being skeptical of God and Creation

Bernard de Fontenelle

The most famous and influential popularizer of the Enlightenment; Made science commonplace

Philosophes

A group of people that claimed that they were bringing knowledge to their arrogant acquaintances

Tabula Rasa

Greek for Blank Tablet; John Locke said that the mind was a blank tablet at birth

Johannes Kepler

Brahe’s assistant that used his mentor’s equipment to discover more about astronomy; Laws of Planetary Motion

Tsarina Elizabeth

Peter the Great’s daughter that helped design St. Petersburg

Serfdom in Eastern Europe (1400-1650)

Many nobles switched back to serfdom after it previously got stopped

Baroque Palaces

Wealthy nobles wanted to show off their wealth and built palaces in the baroque art style

Shonbrunn

A very large palace in Versailles

Early Poland

A small country that got beat up by everyone around them

Ivan IV

A trash king that tried to enslave the boyars and left the economy in shambles

Suleiman the Magnificent

Ottoman ruler that brought the Turks back onto the scene by pushing up the Danube

David Hume

Scottish Philosopher that pioneered skepticism and empiricism

Condorcet

French Aristocrat that made the Enlightenment into a Utopian Society

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Swiss philosopher that the people loved; Thought that the natural man was the best type of man; Liked babies because they were all-natural

Immanuel Kant

German Philosophe that might have been the best philosophe of that era (Debatable); Believed that the Enlightenment would spread with the passing of Free Speech

Leonardo Da Vinci

Brilliant and talented painter that did a lot of -ologies

Michaelangelo

Influential painter during the Renaissance period; Made David and painted the Sistine Chapel

Art and Power

Art was originally made to portray an idea or doctrine, but later became a sign of wealth and power

Castiglione The Courtier

A book of education that taught men to become gentlemen by teaching them discipline and other qualities

Elizabethan Settlement

Laws that Elizabeth put into place to unify England under one religion

Anabaptist

People that believed in getting re-baptized; Very persecuted

Institutes of Christian Religion

A book that was written by Clavin that displayed his beliefs (Christ has absolute power and humanity is weak)

Early Clerical Ignorance

The Clergy did not enforce the laws and were very corrupt.

Women in Renaissance Italy

Women were not valued highly during the Renaissance, and they were only good for children

Raphael

Young prodigy of the Renaissance and painted the School of Athens

Printing Press

Pressed ink onto a piece of paper; Made writings more widespread

Thomas More

Englishman that promote4d reform through the fixing of government institutions; Wrote Utopia

Van Eyck (1366-1441)

Very Early painter (before Renaissance)