Unit 5: Period 5: 1844–1877

Davis

________ tried to modernize the southern economy, but lagged behind in industrialization.

Andrew Johnson

With Lincoln's assassination, ________ assumed the presidency and developed the Reconstruction Plan which required a loyalty oath but barred many former Confederate elite from taking it.

Wilmot Proviso

________: Congressional bill to prohibit extension of slavery in territories gained from Mexico.

Definition of popular sovereignty

________ was vague and different interpretations by Northerners and Southerners.

Fugitive slave law

________ made it easier to retrieve escaped enslaved people, but required cooperation from citizens of free states and seen as immoral.

Robert Smalls

________ founded Republican Party of South Carolina and served in U.S. House of Representatives in the 1880s.

Lincoln

________ argued for gradual emancipation, compensation to slaveholders, and colonization of freed enslaved people.

mid 20th century

Sharecropping existed until ________, included more whites than Blacks.

Abraham Lincoln

________) questioned Polk's claim of Mexican first fire.

John Wilkes Booth

________ assassinated Lincoln five days later.

Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln issued the ________ in September 1862 after the Union victory at Antietam.

Southerners

________: saw future where slavery was confined to southeast quarter and outvoted by free- soil advocates.

George McClellan

________ lost due to opposing majority of Democrats.

Reconstruction

________ refers to the period of 1865- 1877 and the process of readmitting southern states, rebuilding physical damage, and integrating newly freed Blacks into society.

Illinois Senate

The 1858 ________ race between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas was nationally watched, with Lincoln delivering his "House Divided "speech and Douglas damaging his political career with his ambiguous stance on popular sovereignty.

Civil War

The ________ impacted not only the battlefields, but also the political, economic, and social realms.

John Browns

________ raid on Harper's Ferry in 1859 and his subsequent execution sparked northern abolitionist support.

central issue

Slavery was the ________, but not the only or explicitly stated reason for the Civil War.

Hayes

Compromise of 1877 was reached to resolve the election, ________ won and ended military reconstruction, federal troops pulled out of Southern states.

Democratic convention

The 1860 ________ split between Northern Democrats supporting Douglas and Southerners supporting Breckinridge.

second confiscation act

The ________ allowed the government to liberate all enslaved people, but Lincoln refused to enforce it.

Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas

The act was promoted by ________ to bring money and jobs to his home state through the termination of the transcontinental railway in Illinois.

James Buchanan

________ was US president from 1857- 1861 and worked to maintain the status quo by enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act and opposing abolitionist activism.

War Democrats

________: war necessary to preserve Union.

Jefferson Davis

________ took control of southern economy and imposed taxes.

Mexican War

________: successful for American forces, resulted in Mexican Cession (Southwest land) for $ 15 million.

Lincoln

________ supported complete emancipation and the Thirteenth Amendment before his reelection campaign.

Emancipation Proclamation

The ________ stated that the government would liberate all slaves in states "in rebellion "on January 1, 1863.

Lincoln

Copperheads: accused ________ of national social revolution.

Northerners

feared new states in West would be slave states, thus tipping balance in favor of proslavery forces

Opponents

believed war was provoked by slaveholders, resulting in slave owners having control over government

Mexican War

successful for American forces, resulted in Mexican Cession (Southwest land) for $15 million

Gadsden Purchase ($10 million)

southern regions of modern Arizona and New Mexico for transcontinental railroad

East of Mississippi

evenly divided between lands suited for plantation agriculture (slavery) and those not

West of Mississippi

not suitable for traditional plantation crops

Southerners

saw future where slavery was confined to southeast quarter and outvoted by free-soil advocates

Copperheads

accused Lincoln of national social revolution