bio 108 exam 3

what helps to maintain pressure in the lungs?

pleura

in which part of the respiratory system does gas exchange take place?

alveoli

why might alveoli be prone to collapse?

too little surfactant

which gives a more accurate measurement of amount of O2 in a persons body?

PaO2

how does the heimlich maneuver work?

increases intrathoracic pressure to expel food

which of the following factors are NOT in the conducting zone?

alveoli

a persons body becpmes anxious and starts to hyperventilate. what will happen to the chemistry of their body?

increasing pH

why is CO2 considered acidic?

it is loosely bound as carbonic acid and hydrogen ions

which of the following is true of obstructive lung disease?

decreased trapped air

in pulmonary edema, when the left ventricle cannot efficiently pump blood out, the left atrium cannot deliver blood to the left ventricle, and pressures increase in the pulmonary veins as they attempt to deliver blood to the left atrium. in this case of increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary veins, what happens to the alveoli?

has no effect on alveoli

which of the following is specialized for filtration and is the start of making urine?

glomerulus

which of these is most important in glomerular filtration rate?

capillary permeability

which of the following is important in the regulation of blood pressure?

juxtaglomerular apparatus

which of the following extrinsic controls over the kidneys constricts smooth muscle, stimulates the resabsorption of Na+, and stimulates the hypothalamus to release ADH?

renin angiotensin II mechanism

how does water move through the wall of the nephron tubule?

osmosis

which of the hormones results in less water being reabsorbed in the nephron loop?

antidiuertic hormone

why might a person have glycosuria?

the glomerulus filtering process is saturated

which of the following explains how tubular reabsorption works?

substances from tubules move to blood

which of the following is a function of the kidney?

all of the above

where is urine stored in the urinary system?

urinary bladder

what would not make it through the filtration membrane of the glomerulus?

protein

what part of the nephron triggers start of renin-angiotension aldosterone system?

juxtaglomerular apparatus

the myogenic mechanism acts to restore the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by changing:

vessel diameter

which of these is most important in GFR?

capillary permeability

how does water move through the wall of the nephron tubule?

osmosis

which of the hormones can cause less water being reabsorbed in the nephron?

antidiuretic hormone

a blood creatine levels is used to measure renal clearance prior to injection of CT scan dye because this is:

completely filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted

a drug that inhibits angiotensis-converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to:

decreased blood pressure

how does urine move from kidneys to bladder?

ureters

which of the following is involved in chemical digestion of proteins?

trypsin

the pancreas secretes bicarbonate into which area?

duodenum

which of the following breaks down facts?

bile

acetaminophen overdose has a negative effect on which organ?

liver

for what reasons might someone need a "poop pill"?

correct loss of microbiota

what happens to HDL in the body?

excreted by liver