Studied by 2 peopleFounding of Rome
753 B.C.
Collapse of the Western Roman Empire
476 A.D.
The Roman Empire consisted of the all the lands surrounding what sea?
Mediterranean Sea
What did the Romans call the Mediterranean Sea
Mare Nostrum
What does Mare Notrum mean?
Our Sea
What is the continent south of the Mediterranean?
Africa
What mountain range is the backbone of Italy?
Apennine Mountain Range
Rome is located on what river?
Tiber River
What port city is located at the mouth of the Tiber River?
Ostia
Rome is situated in the middle of what three important plains on the west coast of Italy?
Etruria, Latium, and Campania
What is the port city on the eastern coast of Italy?
Brundisium
Rome is called what?
The city of seven hills
What was the most important hill in Rome?
Capitoline Hill
What were located on Capitoline Hill?
temples to the Roman gods
What was the center of government and business activity?
Forum
What was the Senate House?
Curia
What were the two famous roads in Rome?
Via Sacra and Via Appia
What does Via Sacra mean?
Sacred Way
What does Via Appia mean?
Appian Way
What was a race track for chariot racing?
Circus Maximus
What was the round building used for such events as gladiator contests?
Colosseum
What were the public baths?
Thermae
What carried water into Gaul?
Aqueducts
What was the resort city south of Rome in the plain of Campania?
Pompeii
When was Pompeii destroyed?
70 A.D.
What volcano destroyed Pompeii?
Mt. Vesuvius
What is the large island directly south of Italy?
Sicily
Who were the twin sons of Mars and Rhea Silvia?
Romulus and Remus
Romulus and Remus were set in a basket on what river?
Tiber River
Romulus and Remus were saved by what?
A She-Wolf
Which brother killed the other to become the first of the seven kings of Rome?
Romulus killed Remus
What period of Rome did the seven kings reign?
The Monarchy
Who was the seventh and last king?
Tarquinius Superbus
What year was Tarquinius Superbus overthrown?
510 B.C.
After the Monarchy what period came next?
The Republic
Who ruled during the Republic?
A Senate and two Consuls
How many terms did the Senate and two Consuls serve?
A term of one year
What war was fought with the Carthaginians?
Punic Wars
Who was the great Carthaginian general during the Punic Wars?
Hannibal
Who was the most famous general of the Roman Republic?
Julius Caesar
When was Julius Caesar assassinated?
44 B.C.
The Assassination of Julius Caesar led to what?
Civil War
The civil war was won by whom?
Octavian, Julius Caesar's nephew
Who was Octavian later known as?
Augustus
Augustus became the first what of Rome during the Roman Empire?
Emperor
During what period were Rome's most famous monuments built like the Colosseum?
The Roman Empire
What was the basic garment that was a simple shirt made of two pieces of cloth sewn together?
Tunica or tunic
What male piece of clothing, that was a semicircle of fine woolen fabric worn draped around the torso and over the shoulder, worn by the Patricians?
Toga
What kind of boot did men wear?
Caliga
What was a straight ankle-length dress fastened at the shoulders with clasps?
stola
What draped cloak was worn as an outer garment?
palla
What decorative pin, used to fasten cloaks and draped clothing was only worn by the upper-class women?
fibula
The dressing room at the Roman public baths
apodyterium
An instrument used to scrape off oil at the public baths
strigilis
The warmth room at the public baths
tepidarium
The hot bath at the public baths
caldarium
The cold room and pool at the public baths
frigidarium
A stem room, like a modern sauna, at the public baths
laconicum
Heat for the sauna was supplied by a what, that was a raised floor that circulated heat from a furnace
hypocaustum
Smaller baths in Rome, sometimes wealthy people had their own
balnae
First meal of the day, taken just after rising
jentaculum
A lunch or late breakfast
prandium
The main meal of the day, usually begun in late afternoon
cena
A late dinner
vesperna
The circus Maximus had seating for over how many?
250,000
How many chariots could fit side by side?
12
What was the center median of he Circus Maximus called?
spina
What were the turning posts at each end of the spina called?
metae
What were the starting gates of the Circus Maximus called?
Carcares
What was a chariot driver called?
Auriga
What were used as law courts and public meeting places?
Basilicae
What was Rome's sewage system called?
Cloaca Maxima
Who built the original sewage system?
Tarquinius Priscus
What were the shops and fast food stands called?
Tabernae
What was the large open area in the bend of the Tiber north of the Severan Wall that was used for military drilling and training?
Campus Martius
What was the name of the domed temple to the gods?
Pantheon
What was the Via Appia known as?
Regina Viarum
What does Regina Viarum mean?
Queen of ways
What did the Regina Viarum connect Rome with?
Brundisium
What city did Regina Viarum run through?
Capua
What road connected Rome with norther city of Ariminium (Remini)?
Via Flaminia
What road connected Rome with the city of Pisa?
Via Aurelia
What road was the main street of ancient Rome, running from the Capitol through the Forum to the Colosseum?
Via Sacra
The Latins were a small nation of people who lived in what hills south of the Tiber River?
Alban Hills
Who was the great Patrician and soldier of Troy who founded Rome?
Aeneas
Who were Aeneas' parents?
Anchises, prince of a city near Troy, and Venus
The story of Aeneas is written by which Roman poet?
Virgil
What twelve officials accompanied the king during the Roman Monarchy?
lictors
Each of the lictors carried the symbol of his office known as the what?
fasces
Who was the historical king after Romulus?
Numa Pomilius
What king came after Numa Pomilius?
Tullius Hostilius
What king improved the lives of the poor?
Servius Tullius
What king built the Circus Maximus?
Lucius Tarqiunius Priscus
Tarquinius Superbus was expelled in what year?
509 B.C.
Who were the first consuls?
Junius Brutus and Lucius Collatinus
What type of government did Lucius Brutus, Rome's first consul, establish in 509 B.C.?
Republic
Who prevented Lars Porsena and the Etruscans from crossing the bridge over the Tiber River in Rome's early days?
Horatius
Who attempted to drive his father’s sun chariot across the sky but was unable to control the horses?
Phaethon
Which one of the following was a famous Roman patriot who "left his plow" to save Rome?
Cincinnatus
A wolf, a shepherd, a river, and a priestess are all featured in a story
about Romulus and Remus
Note
Flashcard