Studied by 9 peopleWhile Quintus rested on his Sabine farm, the state was dragged into civil war again.
dum Quintus in fundo Sabino quiescit, respublica in bellum civile iterum rapiebatur.
Octavian and Antony, since one accused the other of very serious crimes, felt more hatred between themselves day by day,
Octavianus Antoniusque, cum alter alterum scelerum accusaret gravissimorum, plus odii inter se in dies conciebant,
When the senators had known these things, they declared war at once on Cleopatra.
quae cum cognovissent senatores, statim bellum Cleopatrae indixerunt.
when he had taken the forces across the sea into Greece,
cum copias trans mare in Graeciam traiecisset,
he placed a camp at Actium not far from Antony’s camp.
castra apud Actium collocavit haud procul ab Antonii castris.
Antony, when his soldiers, besieged on land and sea, were dying from both hunger and disease, was forced to break out at last.
Antonius, cum milites eius terra marique obsessi et fame et morbo morerentur, tandem erumpere coactus est.
on the fifth day, when the sea was calm, each fleet went forward to battle.
quinto die, cum mare esset tranquillum, classis utraque ad proelium prodiit.
They were fighting on equal terms for a long time,
diu aequo Marte pugnabant,
when suddenly Cleopatra turned her ship and led the Egyptian fleet into flight.
cum subito Cleopatra navem suam vertit classemque Aegyptiam in fugam duxit.
When Antony had seen these things, he ordered his helmsman to follow the queen.
quae cum vidisset, Antonius gubernatori suo imperavit ut reginam sequeretur.
While Antony flees with Cleopatra,
dum Antonius cum Cleopatra fugit,
his fleet and land forces, although they had been deserted by their leader, nevertheless resisted the enemy bravely.
classis eius copiaeque pedestres, cum a duce deserti essent, fortiter tamen hostibus restiterunt.
Then, at last, Antony fearing that, if he fell into the hands of the enemy,
tum demum Antonius timebat ne, si in manus hostium caderet,
he would be led as a prisoner to Rome.
captivus Romam duceretur.
But I fear that Cleopatra will be captured by the enemy.
sed vereor ne Cleopatra ab hostibus capiatur.
While he lay there, Cleopatra’s secretary ran up to him and announced that the queen was still alive.
dum ibi iacet, accurrit Cleopatrae scriba nuntiavitque reginam adhuc vivere.
She had shut herself in a high tower, which she refused to leave, fearing that she would be betrayed to Octavian.
illa in alta turre se incluserat quam relinquere nolebat, verita ne Octaviano proderetur.
She ordered slaves to let ropes down from the window and lift Antony to her.
servos iussit funes de fenestra demittere Antoniumque ad se tollere.
But she did not believe him nor did she wish to leave her tower.
illa autem ei non credidit nec voluit turrem relinquere.
For she feared that Octavian would wish to take her captive through Rome’s streets, when he celebrated his triumph.
timebat enim ne Octavianus vellet se captivam per vias Romae ducere, cum triumphum ageret.
When Octavian had taken the city of Alexandria, he tried again to persuade Cleopatra to surrender.
Octavianus, cum urbem Alexandriam cepisset, iterum conatus est Cleopatrae persuadere ut se dederet.
when Cleopatra had refused to leave her tower, he took her by trickery.
cum Cleopatra noluisset turrem relinquere, dolo eam cepit.
he sent two men who climbed into the tower.
duos homines misit qui in turrem ascenderent.
It pleased Octavian to delay in the east in order to put things together there.
Octaviano placuit in Oriente morari ut res ibi componeret.
At last, with all things put together, he could return to Rome.
tandem, omnibus rebus compositis, ei licuit Romam redire.
we ought to worship him like a god.
nos oportet eum quasi deum colere.
When the soldiers had arrived there, carrying Antony
cum milites eo advenissent Antonium ferentes
For while Cleopatra was talking with a messenger sent by Octavian,
nam dum Cleopatra cum nuntio ab Octaviano misso colloquitur,
Octavian said ‘we ought not to restore kings now’
Octavianus inquit; ‘non nunc nos oportet reges restituere.’
Although he had now won control of everything,
cum omnium rerum iam potitus esset,
nevertheless he said in the senate that he wished to restore the republic and return liberty to the people.
dixit tamen in senatu se velle rempublicam restituere populoque libertatem reddere.
after many years, when he was about to die, advanced in age, he published a will.
multis post annis, cum aetate provectus moriturus esset, testamentum edidit.
For all were tired of wars and feared that unless one man ruled Rome, civil wars would happen again.
bellorum enim omnes taeduit verebantur ne, nisi unus Romam regeret, bella civilia iterum fierent.
If any of the nobles could not bear his power, either he kept silent, or if he was not able to stay silent, he may retire into exile.
si quis nobilium potentiam eius aegre tulit, aut tacebat, aut, si tacere non potuit, in exsilium recedere ei licuit.
But although, with civil wars ended, he had given back peace to the Roman people,
sed quamquam, bellis civilibus extinctis, pacem populo Romano reddiderat,
Augustus himself was allowed to enjoy neither peace nor leisure.
Augusto ipsi nec pace neque otio uti licuit.
For it was necessary to undertake wars with many foreign peoples.
nam bella multis cum gentibus externis suscipere necesse erat.
But Augustus did not decide to do these things.
Augusto autem non placuit haec facere.
He never ceased to seek peace and he did not enter any war unless it was necessary to fight.
numquam desiit pacem petere neque ullum bellum iniit nisi pugnare necesse erat.
In the East he made a treaty with the Parthians.
in Oriente foedus cum Parthis fecit.
He received no defeat except, when he was an old man, in Germany
nullam cladem accepit nisi, cum senex esset, in Germania
when three legions were completely destroyed, having fallen into an ambush, with the leader being Varus.
ubi tres legiones duce Varo in insidias lapsae omnino deletae sunt.
Augustus liked to exercise eloquence and liberal studies from an early age.
eloquentiam studiaque liberalia Augustum a prima aetate exercere iuvabat.
The next year, while the fleet sailed to Alexandria, he himself led his army through Syria into Egypt
proximo anno dum classis Alexandriam navigat, ipse exercitum per Syriam duxit in Aegyptum ingredienti.
Note
Flashcard