Geography - Changing population (copy)

High and variable:

• high birth and death rates

• population growth fluctuates

• only tribes are at this stage

Early expanding:

• high birth rates, low death rates

• population growth is rapid

• ex: Afghanistan, Sudan, Libya

Late expanding:

• drop in birth rates, low death rate

• slow population rate

• ex: Brazil, Argentina

Low and variable:

• birth and death rates are low

• population growth fluctuates

• ex: UK, Canada

Low declining:

• birth rates are lower than death rates

• population declines

• ex: Japan

The average number of birth per woman

The average number of years that I person is expected to live.

Measures the working population and dependent population.

• Conflict

• Development

• Disaster

Wishes from the government to increase its population size

Wishes from the government to limit its population size

Measure of a country’s total economic output

Developed country

ex: USA, Netherlands, France

Aligned to the Eastern/Soviet bloc

ex: Poland, Hungary, Romania

Developing country

ex: Brazil, South Africa, Egypt

The arrangement or spread of people across a particular area or region.

The number of people living per unit of area.

The scientific study of human population (including size, distribution…)

A situation where the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.

ex: India, China, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia

A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population displayed in a pyramid.

Measure of the proportion of the economically dependent population to the economically productive population in a given area.

"The aging population in Japan has resulted in a higher dependency ratio, with a larger proportion of elderly individuals compared to the working-age population, placing a tension on the country's social welfare systems."

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given population within a specific period, typically a year.

ex: Japan, Sweden, Iceland (low)

Chad, Afghanistan, Bolivia (high)

Conditions that encourage or force individuals to leave their current location and migrate somewhere else.

Conditions that attract individuals to migrate to a particular location or country.

When individuals choose to move for reasons such as better employment opportunities, education, or quality of life.

Individuals forced to leave their country due to persecution, war, or violence and seek refuge in another country.

People forced to leave their homes but remain in the same country.

Population growth that is maintained without damaging resources and the environment, ensuring a balanced relationship between people and the environment.

ex: Scandinavian countries, Netherlands, Australia

Extremely large cities, typically with populations exceeding 10 million people.

ex: São Paulo, Tokyo, Shanghai

The process by which a growing population lives in urban areas (cities) rather than rural areas.

When the population of an area is too small to utilize the available resources effectively.

ex: Mongolia, Estonia, Greenland

The arrangement of people in a given area, indicating where people live within a region or country.

ex: "China's population distribution is significant in its coastal provinces, particularly in cities like Shanghai and Beijing”