Modern Biology Chapter 46

System made up of the heart, blood, and blood vessels

System formed by the lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and the lymph

Upper chambers of the heart (top of the heart)

Lower Chambers of the heart (bottom of the heart)

Flaps of tissue that open in only one direction to keep blood from flowing backwards

Large blood vessel that transports oxygenated blood to the brain, coronary arteries, and the rest of the body

Group of specialized heart muscles located in the right atrium (these nodes spontaneously send electrical impulses and is often called the pacemaker, because they keep track of heart contractions

Node located in the septum between the two atria that receives the electrical signals sent by the SA node, then the AV node sends electrical signals to the ventricles to contract a fraction of a second after the atria contract, completing a heartbeat

Series of pressure waves within an artery caused by the contractions of the left ventricle in the heart

Force of blood exerted against the inside walls of a blood vessel

High blood pressure

Tiny blood vessels

Circulation between the heart and the lungs

Circulation between the heart and all other body tissues

Disease characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the interior walls of the coronary arteries

Excess fluid from the tissues

Liquid that is about 90% water and includes metabolites, nutrients, wastes, salts, and proteins. Blood cells receive nutrients from the plasma, plasma is rich in protein and is necessary for blood cells to function

(erythrocytes) transports oxygen to cells in all parts of the body, formed in the red bone marrow

iron containing protein in red blood cells

(leukocytes) blood cells that defend the body against disease, larger than red blood cells and may be irregularly shaped, there are several types of white blood cells

White blood cells that engulf invading microorganisms

produced by some white blood cells that help destroy foreign substances

blood cell that clots blood to prevent diseases or foreign substances from entering wounds

Protein that are long, sticky chains that catch red blood cells and hardens them and turns them into a scab

Determined by the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cells

Substance that stimulates the immune systems response to a foreign substance or disease

antigen sometimes present on blood cells, about 85% of the U.S. is RH+, the rest are RH -. If you give someone with RH+ blood a blood transfusion with RH-, the person can die

System that exchanges gases with the atmosphere

exchange of gases between the atmosphere and blood

Exchange of gases between the blood and cells of the body

Site of gas exchange

Oxygen poor blood: superior vena cava → right atrium → inferior vena cava → right ventricle → pulmonary valve →lungs to get oxygen

Oxygen rich blood: pulmonary arteries → pulmonary veins → blood receives oxygen → pulmonary→ left atrium → left ventricle →aortic valve→ aorta → rest of the body

Oxygen enters your lungs → Alveoli →oxygen is absorbed into blood in the pulmonary veins → oxygenated blood is sent through the left atrium and ventricle → oxygenated blood is delivered to the rest of the body

Tube at the back of the nasal cavity and mouth, carries both food and air

Flap of food that covers the air passage when someone is eating food

Windpipe

Voicebox

two branches of the trachea that branch into the lungs

Smaller and smaller tubes that branch into the lungs off of the bronchi

Tiny air sacs that absorb the oxygen

Process of moving air into the lungs

Large skeletal muscle that separates your thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

Process of expelling air from the lungs