Studied by 6 peopleBrahman
the ground existence and the divine essence of the universe
Atman
the eternal self
monism
the doctrine that states all reality is one
lakes, rivers→ocean
The student, Householder, forest dweller, wondering asitetic are…
the 4 stages of Hindu life
The house dweller focuses on?
career and family life
The forest dweller…
retreats from society to engage in spiritual quest
The Wondering Ascetic…
returns to society but is detached from distractions of social life
What are the Knowledge, Works, Devotion?
The three path to liberation
The path of Knowledge is a?
study scripture
The path of works means?
active life
The path of Devotion means"?
worship
Samsara
wheel of rebirth
reincarnated from one life to another until moksha is achieved
Karma
action or deed
cause and effect
Dharma
ethical duty based on Divine order of reality
Priests
warriors
producers
servants
4 distinct classes of caste system
Sensual pleasure
material success
harmony with Dharma
happiness from good actions
the four goals in life
Krishna and Arjuna
The two main characters in the Bhagavad Gita
What did Krishna do?
cames a counselor and guided Arjuna to see his path
What role did Arjuna play?
questioned his path as a warrior
What are 2 similarities between Hinduism and Catholicisim?
teach forgiveness, nonviolence
deities are like saints
What are two differences between Hinduism and Catholicisim
belief in multiple Gods
Christians believe the bible has all the answers
Hinudus→ all roads can lead to answers
What took place from 1962-1965
The Second Vatican Council
John XXII and Pope VI were in charge of what ?
The Second Vatican Council
2500 bishops, theological expects, and observers went to what
The Second Vatican Council
Where was the Second Vatican Council located?
St.Peters Basilica, Rome
How many documents did the Second Vatican Council produce?
16 documents
The Nostra Aetate was a document that…
addressed the Church’s relation to non-christian religions
For the first time the Catholic Church…
opened their religion to other religions, nations, and non-catholic people
Doctorinal examples →
beliefs, teachings
Experiential examples →
encounters, faith (miracles)
Mythical examples →
scared stories, truth (Noah’s Ark)
Ethical examples →
how to act (10 commandments)
Ritual examples →
formal worship practice (church)
Social examples →
sense of community
Comparative and Empathy are
two methods of studying world religions
Buddha, The Dharma, Songha are
the three Jewels of Buddhism
The ongoing_______can be escaped through liberation
Samsara
Nirvana means
blowing out
What does Nirvana(blowing out) imply?
all selfish desires have been extinguished
The decrepit old man
diseased man
corpse
religious ascetic
The Four Passing Sights
Who saw the Four Passing Sights?
Gautama
What is the Middle Way doctrine?
rejects sensual pleasures and the self-denial of ascetism
a practical approach to spiritual attainment
What are the Four Noble Truths?
the truth of
suffering
cause of suffering
the end of suffering
path that leads to the end of suffering
Who did not require a model to provide teaching to lead them to enlightenment?
Buddha
How are Buddhism and Catholicism the same?
teach showing love to others to improve your well being in this life and the next
provide steps for people to live a better life (Eight Fold Path & 10 Commandments)
How are Buddhism and Catholicism different?
Buddha’s do not believe in God
Catholics do not believe in reincarnation
What are the defining Characteristics of Jainism?
Ahimsa
the principle of nonviolence
Asceticism
Tirthankaras (Jainism)
spiritual conquerors that have attained salvation
Who was the most important tirthankara (Jainism)?
Mahavira
contemporary of Buddha
What is Kevala (Jainism)?
Enlightenment
released from Samsara
What is Jiva (Jainism)?
perfectly pure souls
What is Ajiva (Jainism)?
forms of matter
How are Jiva and Ajiva intertwined (Jainism)?
they become entwined and the quest for salvation is for the Jiva to make itself clean
What is a Guru (Sikhism)?
a spiritual teacher
What does Grur refer to (Sikhism)?
refers to Guru Nanak and his successors, Sikhism's sacred text, and God
What is the Adi Granth (Sikhism)?
sacred scriptures
What does the Adi Granth teach (Sikhism)?
teaches the ultimate purpose of life and salvation is complete union with God
Monotheistic
What is a Gurdwara (Sikhism)?
a house of worship
What are the Five K’s (Sikhism)?
uncut hair
comb
steel wrist guard
sword/knife
pair of shorts
Who was Confucius (Confucianism)?
founder
followed tradition rather than new ideas
What is Learning (Confucianism)?
what it means to be human
a mature and benevolent person
What is Li (Confucianism)?
proper behavior in any situation
carries the significance of sacred ritual
What is Wen (Confucianism)?
Cultural arts as a source of moral education
How does Confucianism say relationships start?
with the self, then family, nation, and entire world of humanity which is intimately connected
Who are Lao Tzu & Chuang Tzu (Taoism)?
founders of Taoism
What is the Tao Te Ching and Chuang Tzu (Taoism)?
foundational text
What is Tao (Taoism)?
ultimate source and principle of order in the universe
What is Yi__n__ (Taoism)?
negative
passive
feminine earthly
What is Yang (Taoism)?
positive
active
masculine
heavenly
What is Wu-wei (Taoism)?
nonaction
in perfect harmony with nature
(Tao of Pooh)
What is Zen (Zen Buddhism)?
meditation
started in India then spread to China and then to Japan
What does Zen emphasize (Zen Buddhism)?
Direct experience and is beyond logical thinking
What are Koans (Zen Buddhism)?
puzzles designed to short circuit logical, rational mind and lead direct to insight
the riddles done in class
What is Satori (Zen Buddhism)?
Zen enlightenment, a pure experience
What are some activities and art crafts done in Zen Buddhism?
Landscaping( Zen Gardens)
Flower Arranging
Sword Play
Archery
Literature (Haiku)
What is Shinto (Shinto)?
Japan’s native religious tradition
emphasizes rituals over doctrines
What is Kami (Shinto)?
divine ancestors and sacred inhabitants of the land
nature s sacred
Where can worship take place (Shinto)?
homes
Shrines
during festivals
What is a Kamidana (Shinto)?
altar in the home
prayer spaces we made at home
What is a Torii (Shinto)?
Shrine entrance which is recognized as the symbol of Shinto
What is Zoroastrianism (Zoroastrianism)?
the religion of ancient Iran
oldest living religions
Who is the founder of Zoroastrianism (Zoroastrianism)?
Zarathustra
lived during the 6th or 5th century BC
preached Monotheism
Who was the one true God (Zoroastrianism)?
Ahura Mazda
What must humans choose between (Zoroastrianism)?
Truth and Lie
choice has eternal consequences
Where will the good and bad go when they die (Zoroastrianism)?
The good will enter paradise and the evil will be cast down into an abyss of torment
The Greek classical period began with the epic poet named (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
Homer
around 750 BC
Homeric religion is (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
POLYtheistic
The gods and goddesses are (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
anthropomorphic
take on human qualities
How did Gods comminite their desires to mortals (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
through direct conversations with heroes
through dreams
ominous signs
Oracles
What are Oracles (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
shrine/sanctuary where revelation of gods are received
What was the afterlife like (Religion in Ancient Greece)?
dark and dreary underworld where souls remembered their earthly lives with regret and longing
Roman gods and goddesses had counterparts in the (Religion in the Roman World)?
Olympian Pantheon
What is a pantheon (Religion in the Roman World)?
a group of gods or a temple devoted to the gods
The deities belonged to what (Religion in the Roman World )?
numina
supernatural powers with a specific function
Mystery religions were also popular in (Religion in the Roman World )?
Rome
What was another facet in Roman religion(Religion in the Roman World)?
emperor worship
What is the root meaning of the name Islam (Islam)?
surrender or submission
Qur’an literally means (Islam)?
reading or recitation
Who do Muslims believe is the final prophet (Islam)?
Muhammad
What do Muslims believe Muhammad does (Islam)?
reveals the will of Allah fully and precisely and for all time
Note
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