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Human Rights Act

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1

Human Rights Act

1998 - incorporated ECHR into UK law

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2

Magna Carta

1215 - established everyone (including the king) was subject to law

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3

Bill of Rights

1689 - gave parliamentary privilege to MPs and free speech

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4

Act of Settlement

1701 - parliament is dominant - monarchy existed on parliament's terms

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5

Parliament Acts

1911 and 1949 - Reduced rights and powers of house of Lords eventually resulting in lords only being able to delay legislation for one year.

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6

European Communities Act

1972 - Uk joined European economic Community - ( EU )

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7

Wales Act

2014 - created and expanded devolved powers

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8

Scotland Act

2016 - created and expanded powers of devolved assembly

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9

House of Lords Act

1999 - removed most hereditary peers

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10

Data Protection Act

1998 - protects against misuse of personal details.

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11

Freedom of Information Act

2000 - required public bodies to publish and make requested non sensitive information public

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12

General Data Protection Regulation

2018 - EU on privacy of data and protection of data for all individuals in the EU

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13

European Withdrawal Act

2018 - repealing the European Communities Act 1972 and parliamentary approval for BREXIT negotiations between government and EU to take place

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14

Fixed - Term Parliament Act

2011 - parliament needed a vote of 2/3 majority to call another (snap) general election.

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15

2017 ( Theresa May undermines Fixed Term Parliament Act)

Calls a snap election

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16

Health Select Committee recommends a number of measures to reduce child obesity - in 1 month the government acted

May 2018

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17

2016 report by work and pensions committee

caused collapse of BHS and company owners were reported to the pensions regulator

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18

example of cabinet reshuffle

April 2019 - sacking of gavin Williamson led to penny mordaunt to become defence secretary after a reshuffle.

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19

reduction of cabinet committees

2017 - to 5 cabinet committees with 4 chaired by PM

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20

manifesto pledge confidence and supply deal

2017 election - Theresa May struck a deal with DUP promising additional funding for northern Ireland in return for confidence votes

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21

2013 avoid resignation for IMR

Ian Duncan Smith blamed civil servants for IT failings following a bad national Audit office report on the introduction of universal credit

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22

Priti Patel - Breaking ministerial Code

2017 - sacked as international development secretary - as she held secret meetings with Israeli ministers while on holiday in Israel and did not inform the PM

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23

collective cabinet responsibility suspended e.g

2016- Cameron did before EU referendum as there was a large divide in cabinet over the matter

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24

public breach of CCR e.g

Ken Clarke and Theresa May breached this in 2010 about the future of the HRA

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25

resignation over IMR

1954 - Dugdale - Agriculture Minister - resigned over flaws by civil servants purchasing farmland for a military airfield. Dugdale assumed IMR even though he had nothing to do with the issue and resigned

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26

minister resignation over CCR

2016 - Ian Duncan Smith - Work and Pensions Secretary - resigned as he could not support policy to cut disability benefits.

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27

minister resignation over ill health

January 2018 - James Brokenshire resigned due to cancer treatment

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28

Minister resigns over personal scandal

2017 - Michael Fallon as defense secretary - sexual misconduct

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29

Resignations since Theresa May 2017 snap election

50 ministerial resignations - 33 over BREXIT

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30

Tax policy Under Thatcher

1990 Poll tax - decreased support for thatcher

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31

Margeret Thatcher Resignation

Nov 1990 - failed to secure enough votes against Michael Hesseltine

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32

Invasion of Iraq

2003 - Bush told Blair that Saddam Hussein had weapons of Mass Destruction - British and US troops went to fight, but there was a civil war after and troops had to remain in iraq

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33

Britain withdraws troops from Iraq

2011

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34

Blair Resignation

2007

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35

all judges from this point are appointed by the JAC

Since 2006

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36

mid 2018 number of BAME judges in UK Supreme Court

0

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37

Supreme Court Set up

2009 following constitutional Reform act of 2005

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38

Constitutional Reform Act

2005 - Reformed Lord Chancellor, Appointment of Judges, and introduced framework for Supreme Court

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39

Horncastle Case

2009 - use of statements from witnesses not present in the court - Supreme Court sent this case back to Strasbourg as they said it was unfair - This influenced the EU ct of HR

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40

Miller V. Secretary of State for exiting the EU

2017 - Article 50 case - ruling was parliament must have a vote on triggering Article 50 - reinforced p. sovereignty

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41

Al Rawi v Security Service

2011 - terrorist Trial where UK services were attempting to give evidence in secret as this was a highly sensitive case - UK govt defeated as Supreme Court - each side must hear and see all arguments put before the judge - this shows strength of rights

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42

Supreme Court ruled decisions made by UK spying tribunal should be subject to judicial review

May 2019 - shows how even Sensitive UK Tribunals are subject to oversight

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43

Uk govt ignores European court of Human Rights ruling

2005 - European court ruled that a blanket ban on all prisoners having the vote denied is incompatible with ECHR - but parliament ignored this ruling and subsequently did not change the law

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44

Scotland and Wales first devolution referendums

1997 - Both voted in favour of devolution

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45

good Friday agreement

1998 - ceasefire and end of IRA attacks

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46

Scotland Independence referendum

2014 - rejects full independence

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47

Northern Ireland Assembly Suspended due to breakdown between DUP and Sinn Fein

2017

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48

referendum to se up an elected assembly in North England

2004 - rejected by approx. 80% of electorate

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49

Only Rich Landowners could vote

Before 1832

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50

Great Reform Act

1832 - 1 in 5 men could vote

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51

Representation of people Act allowing all men and women votes with no complications

1928 - all men and women over 21 could vote

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52

Representation of people Act final one

1969 - all men and women over age of 18 can vote

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53

Referendum that allowed 16 year olds to vote

2014 Scottish independence referendum

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54

Chartists period

1830s - 50s - tried to get vote for all men over 21

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55

suffragists period

1850s - 1900s - peaceful campaigning for womens vote - no change

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56

suffragettes period

Early 1900s - militant violent methods - govt refused to give in to violence but subsequently gave women the vote.

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57

2017 general election turnout

70%

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58

EU referendum 2016 turnout

72%

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59

conservatives membership in 1950s and 2018

1950 - 3 million members 2018

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60

#metoo movement

2017 - against sexual harrassment slacktivism social media - leading to resignation of Michael Fallon for sexual harrasment

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61

largest UK constituency in 2017

isle of white 109000 people

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62

2015 general election UKIP seats and votes

1 seat and almost 4 million votes - disproportional

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63

General Election James Callaghan vs Thatcher

1979 - thatcher won

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64

when did Blair get elected

1994

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65

General Election between Blair and John Major

1997 - Blair won again - labour landslide victory

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66

General Election theresa May v Corbyn

2017 - Theresa May won through confidence and supply deal with dup forming a minority govt

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67

Greater London Authority Referendum

1998 -72% voted yes - london got its own mayor and assembly

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68

uk alternative vote referendum

2011

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69

Clause IV

1918 - increase public ownership of key industries and redistribution of wealth

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70

New labour

1997 Election with blair - introduction of the third way

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71

Political Parties, Elections and referendums Act

2000 - spending limit on party spending , donation over £5000 had to be reported to electoral commission

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72

Political Parties and Elections Act

2009 - allowed electoral commission to investigate cases and fine.

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73

BMA junior doctors strike

April 2016 - over changes to junior doctors contracts

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74

Smoking Ban

2007 - Smoking was banned in some public places

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75

Greenpeace climb the shard

2013 - campaigning against shell drilling the arctic

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76

shell announced it will stop drilling in the arctic

2015 - greenpeace worked

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77

gordon brown announces Gurkhas can live in UK if they meet the requirements.

2009 - Joanna Lumley gurkha justice campaign endorsement

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78

lobbying scandal

2015 - Jack Straw prepared to take large amounts of money to lobby for companies

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79

Merrick Garland Nominated by Obama to be SC Judge

March 2016 - Senate refused to vote

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80

Congress Override Obama's veto

2016 - congress gained 2/3 majority in each chamber so overrode obama's veto of justice against sponsors of terrorism.

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81

Obama vetos Law passed by Congress

2015 - Obama vetos keystone XL pipeline approval Act

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82

Obama makes treaty without congress

2015 - nuclear deal with Iran

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83

president tries to change composition of the SC

1930s - Roosevelt tried to alter composition of Supreme Court by appointments as it struck down some of his new deals - but did not work as congress did not support his appointments

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84

Bill of Rights (US)

1791 - First 10 amendments to the US constitution

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85

government shutdowns

2018 under Trump administration

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86

spending on facebook ads in 2016 US election

total of nearly $80million

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87

Election expenditure 2016(US)

$1.2 billion approx

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88

Supreme court upheld Crucial rights

2003 - upheld the bipartisan campaign reform Act limited hard and soft money being raised by parties

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89

loss of recall election

2003 - California state governor Greg Davis lost recall election to Arnold Schwarzenegger

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90

october surprises recent

2016 hilary clinton and her private emails server and trump with hollywood access tape

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