Chapter 1

What is the definition for environmental health of NEHA? The National Enviromental Health Association Protection against environmental factors that may adversely impact human health or ecological balances. 

What is the definition for environmental health of WHO?
WHO: World Health Organization - all physical, chemical and biological factors external to a person.

What is protected by environmental health?
regulate air, water, food, wastes, noise, toxic substances, pollutants, disease, vectors,and unsafe conditions.

Identify the hazards that are dealt with by different environmental health careers.

Identify the concerns associated with the 3" P’s".
Pollution,  Global warming, A change in distribution of insect vectors and polluted water supply.

What is the current status of world population growth?
Rose from 1.5% per year in 1950 to over 2% in 1960s due to reduction in death by, agricultural revolution increasing food supply. Better healthcare, example immunizations and medicines. Better sanitation was safe for food and water supplies, better disposal of sewage and solid waste.

Where will most future world population increase occur?
In developing nation urban areas.

What is the difference between developing nation age structure and developed nation age structure?
Deleloping Nation Age Structure- Tends to be a “pyramid” with many pre- reproductives (children) that will become reecoductive adults( stage 1 or 2)

Developed nation age structure- “stovepipe” shaped many post-reproductives (elderly) (Stage 3) 

What is demographic transition?
Alternation overtime in populations fertility, mortality and make up (does not include the effects of migration)

What is epidemiologic transition?
Primary cause of disease changing from acute, infectious and communicable to chronic degenerative diseases.

What is carrying capacity?
Population that an area will support without undergoing environmental degradation.

Identify and understand the examples given for carrying capacity.
Population that an area will support without undergoing environmental degradation.
Greater Population = outstripped food supply and resources greater in diseases, starvation and conflict.

What are ecosystems?
Dynamic complexes of the living natural communities. (Ex. plants, animals, microbes) and the nonliving environment (rock, water, climate) in a functional unit that recycles some materials (nutrients, water)

Why are ecosystems essential?

What are renewable versus nonrenewable resources?Renewable- plants that provide oxygen, crops, fruits, vegetables, lumber, medicines, fuels.
Nonrenewable- rock minerals and Fossil fuels are finite

What is biodiversity?
Different types and variability of animal and plant species and the ecosystems they live.

What defines a healthy ecosystem?
Greater biodiversity( diverse types of organisms)

What is the status of species extinction?
Human population growth and environmental degradation (ex. deforestation) has increased species extinction 100
fold in the last century.