World War 1 Review Pt. 2

Bolsheviks: The Bolsheviks were a radical Marxist group led by Vladmir Ilyich Ulyanov. They gained power in 1917, after the Russian Revolution.

Saravejo: Sarajevo is the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina. In 1914, Gavrillo Princip of the Black Hand assassinated Archduke Ferdinand and his wife, ultimately sparking World War I. Saravejo is located in the “Powder Keg” of Europe in the Balkan Peninsula, known for its ethnic and nationalist uprising. The murder occurred because Slavics wanted to rid Bosnia of the Austrian rulers.

Polish Corridor: The Polish Corridor was created in the Treaty of Versailles and gave Poland access to the Baltic Sea. Many Germans were infuriated, as it gave German territory to Poland and separated it from East Prussia.

Triple Alliance: Bismarck was the chancellor of Prussia who unified Germany through militarism. However, in 1871 he declared the country a “satisfied power,” meaning it would no longer pursue war and try to maintain peace. In his perspective, France posed the greatest threat to his ideas, as he thought they would be vengeful over their defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck formed the Dual Alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879 which eventually became the Triple Alliance (Central Powers) three years later when Italy joined. He also made a treaty with Russia in hopes of taking another possible ally away from France, but the treaty fell through when Kaiser Wilhelm II removed him from his position.

Triple Entente: Wilhelm II, an emperor of Germany, wanted to assert his power and flaunt Germany's military. He forced Otto Von Bismark into resignation, and lost the treaty with Russia, allowing a defensive alliance to be formed between France and Russia. This was problematic, as Germany shared a border with both, meaning the nation would be forced to fight a two-front war in the case of conflict. Wilhelm II also turned his efforts to creating a navy that matched the power of Great Britain. Threatened by this, England also formed an alliance with France, resulting in the Triple Entente between Russia, England, and France.

Explain the Stalemate: A stalemate is when neither side has a clear victory, but they continue to fight. This happened often during World War I, especially along the Western Front. The same result occurred in the Battle of Gallipoli, when neither side backed down and the Allies retreated.

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a private treaty that ended the war between Russia and Germany. It was signed by Lenin on March 3, 1818, when Russia pulled out of World War I. The conditions required that Russia forfeit 25% of its land and its oil fields to Germany. 

Explain Home Front: The home front is people doing things in their own country to help the war efforts. Women started to play larger roles, and other tactics such as propaganda, war bonds, rationing, and a wartime government arose to support the war.

Central Powers Bismarck was the chancellor of Prussia who unified Germany through militarism. However, in 1871 he declared the country a “satisfied power,” meaning it would no longer pursue war and try to maintain peace. In his perspective, France posed the greatest threat to his ideas, as he thought they would be vengeful over their defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck formed the Dual Alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879 which eventually became the Triple Alliance (Central Powers) three years later when Italy joined. A/H started WWI and Germany joined to help their allies, but Italy stayed neutral as they agreed to a defensive alliance.