Rating
0.0(0)
Tags
Explore Top Notes
Present Participle
Note
Studied by 10 people
5.0 Stars(1)
1.1: introduction to business management
Note
Studied by 9 people
5.0 Stars(1)
5.4 Location
Note
Studied by 8 people
5.0 Stars(1)
Chapter 36: Current Issues in Macro Theory and Policy
Note
Studied by 7 people
5.0 Stars(1)
El Subjuntivo
Note
Studied by 11 people
5.0 Stars(1)
Inherited Traits
Note
Studied by 161 people
5.0 Stars(2)
Forensics Unit 3 Notes
Forensics Unit 3 Notes
Forensic Pathology
- FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (Pathology – Study of disease) The ME determines the manner, cause, and mechanism of death and approximate time of death
- Manner: Natural Causes, Accidental, Suicidal, Homicidal, or Undetermined.
- Cause: The reason. (bludgeoning, heart attack, etc.)
- Mechanism: The specific change in the body that brought about cessation of life. (loss of blood, pulmonary arrest, etc.)
- Death: a process not an instantaneous event, irreversible cessation of circulation of blood; cessation of brain activity
- Stages to death: Stoppage and Autolysis
- Stoppage – Heart stops beating, no blood flow, no oxygen to cells, body; processes fail
- Autolysis – Cells breakdown, cell contents spill out
- Autopsy: literally means: to see for oneself, only done for suspicious and unnatural deaths
Time of Death
- Post Mortem Interval (PMI): Time between death and when the body is found, in hours
- 1. LIVOR MORTIS (Color of Death)
- blood settles to lowest part of body by gravity
- heart stops pumping and with lack of pressure blood seeps out of capillaries
- normally purplish–blue color (cherry red =carbon monoxide poisoning)
- pressure against body prevents lividity in that area, scars also prevent lividity
- begins in 20 minutes, noticeable after 2 hours, permanent after 8-12 hours
- lividity occurs faster if hot and slower if cold (important to record environmental conditions)
- Was the body moved? Does the position the body was found make sense compared to the lividity? Is there a pattern in the lividity that gives a clue to where the body was?
- Dual Lividity: body was moved between 2 – 8 hours
- Tardieu spots and Petechial hemorrhaging - capillaries burst and form pinpoint hemorrhaging
- 2. RIGOR MORTIS (Stiffness of Death)
- muscles initially relax and then contract and then relax again
- cells without oxygen produce energy through glycolysis and produce lactic acid and calcium ions accumulate causing muscles to contract (actin and myosin bridges lock)
- begins with small muscles and progresses to larger muscles, then rigor is lost in the same order
- Temperature: hot - faster (clothing, fever, direct sunlight)
- Activity before death: aerobic exercise = faster, sleeping = slower
- Weight: thin = faster, obese = slower
- Drugs can speed (stimulants) or slow (depressants)
- ALGOR MORTIS (Heat of Death)
- body will cool to the temperature of its surroundings
- take core body temperature (normal is 98.6F or 37C)
- body cools on average 1.5F /hour during first 12 hours then 1F /hour after 12 hours
- environmental factors: drugs, fever, ambient temperature, wind, body fat, and clothing
- Stomach Contents
- Ate 12-24 hours prior to death: Food in Large intestine, small intestine empty
- Ate 4-6 hours prior to death: Food in Small intestine, stomach empty
- Ate 0-2 hours prior to death: Undigested Food in stomach
- Vitreous humor potassium
- Level of potassium ion K+ increases as the body decays. The ocular fluid is cleanest.
- Entomology
- Useful for days to weeks. Examine the stages of growth of the maggots.
- Post Mortem Hair Bands
- Hair continues “to grow” after death Skin is actually retracting.
- 1. LIVOR MORTIS (Color of Death)
Forensics Unit 3 Notes
Forensics Unit 3 Notes
Forensic Pathology
- FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (Pathology – Study of disease) The ME determines the manner, cause, and mechanism of death and approximate time of death
- Manner: Natural Causes, Accidental, Suicidal, Homicidal, or Undetermined.
- Cause: The reason. (bludgeoning, heart attack, etc.)
- Mechanism: The specific change in the body that brought about cessation of life. (loss of blood, pulmonary arrest, etc.)
- Death: a process not an instantaneous event, irreversible cessation of circulation of blood; cessation of brain activity
- Stages to death: Stoppage and Autolysis
- Stoppage – Heart stops beating, no blood flow, no oxygen to cells, body; processes fail
- Autolysis – Cells breakdown, cell contents spill out
- Autopsy: literally means: to see for oneself, only done for suspicious and unnatural deaths
Time of Death
- Post Mortem Interval (PMI): Time between death and when the body is found, in hours
- 1. LIVOR MORTIS (Color of Death)
- blood settles to lowest part of body by gravity
- heart stops pumping and with lack of pressure blood seeps out of capillaries
- normally purplish–blue color (cherry red =carbon monoxide poisoning)
- pressure against body prevents lividity in that area, scars also prevent lividity
- begins in 20 minutes, noticeable after 2 hours, permanent after 8-12 hours
- lividity occurs faster if hot and slower if cold (important to record environmental conditions)
- Was the body moved? Does the position the body was found make sense compared to the lividity? Is there a pattern in the lividity that gives a clue to where the body was?
- Dual Lividity: body was moved between 2 – 8 hours
- Tardieu spots and Petechial hemorrhaging - capillaries burst and form pinpoint hemorrhaging
- 2. RIGOR MORTIS (Stiffness of Death)
- muscles initially relax and then contract and then relax again
- cells without oxygen produce energy through glycolysis and produce lactic acid and calcium ions accumulate causing muscles to contract (actin and myosin bridges lock)
- begins with small muscles and progresses to larger muscles, then rigor is lost in the same order
- Temperature: hot - faster (clothing, fever, direct sunlight)
- Activity before death: aerobic exercise = faster, sleeping = slower
- Weight: thin = faster, obese = slower
- Drugs can speed (stimulants) or slow (depressants)
- ALGOR MORTIS (Heat of Death)
- body will cool to the temperature of its surroundings
- take core body temperature (normal is 98.6F or 37C)
- body cools on average 1.5F /hour during first 12 hours then 1F /hour after 12 hours
- environmental factors: drugs, fever, ambient temperature, wind, body fat, and clothing
- Stomach Contents
- Ate 12-24 hours prior to death: Food in Large intestine, small intestine empty
- Ate 4-6 hours prior to death: Food in Small intestine, stomach empty
- Ate 0-2 hours prior to death: Undigested Food in stomach
- Vitreous humor potassium
- Level of potassium ion K+ increases as the body decays. The ocular fluid is cleanest.
- Entomology
- Useful for days to weeks. Examine the stages of growth of the maggots.
- Post Mortem Hair Bands
- Hair continues “to grow” after death Skin is actually retracting.
- 1. LIVOR MORTIS (Color of Death)