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Physics: Waves and Behaviors Notes
Physics: Waves and Behaviors Notes
Waves
- Waves - repeated motion/vibrations that travel through a medium
- Waves are good for a transportation of energy between different points
- Parts of a wave that is measurable: wavelength, amplitude, wave speed, period, and frequency
Types/Categories of Waves
- Mechanical waves - requires a medium (sound, water)
- Electromagnetic waves - created by stars and celestial objects, no medium is needed (radio)
- Radio waves - emitted by radio stations and stars
- Microwaves - easily absorbed by water (radar, cell phone)
- Infrared - "below red," associated with heat (night vision, weather forecasting)
- Visible Light - only part of spectrum you see
- Ultraviolet waves - "beyond violet" (kills viruses, lowers sunburns)
- X-rays - imaging bones, radiotherapy
- Gamma rays - generated from nuclear reactions (stars, bombs)
- Light waves - don't require a medium, travels fastest in a vacuum
- Speed of light - 3.00x10^8 m/s
- Medium - material the wave travels through
- Some require a medium to travel while others do not
- Transverse and longitudial/compression waves
Other Vocabulary
- Pulse - one wave that travels through a medium
- Continuous - repeatedly move up and down
Parts of a transverse Wave
- Transverse waves - moves perpendicular
- Crest - top of the wave
- Trough - bottom of the wave
- Amplitude - distance from center to crest trough
Parts of a compression wave
- Compress zone - particles close together
- Rarefaction zone - less dense area
- Compression waves - moves parallel
Calculating Wave Speed
- Period (T) - time it takes for one length to pass (units = s)
- Frequency (F) - number of waves that pass each second
- Hertz (Hz) - 1 Hz = 1 wave per second
- Wavelength - one complete cycle of a wave
- Equation for Wave Speed - Speed = frequency x wavelength
Wave Interference
- Occurs when two waves run into each other
- Temporary create one wave with different amplitudes
- Amplitude- measure waves height and energy
Constructive Interference
- Two waves combine to form a larger wave
- Waves are in phase - amplitudes add together
Destructive Inteference
- Two waves combine to form a smaller wave
- If the crest of one wave coincides with trough of second wave = out of phase (cancels out)
Rogue Waves
- Created by superposition of waves
- Superposition - combining of waves
Standing Waves
- Caused by two waves inferring with one another continuously
- Looks like it is still
Physics: Waves and Behaviors Notes
Physics: Waves and Behaviors Notes
Waves
- Waves - repeated motion/vibrations that travel through a medium
- Waves are good for a transportation of energy between different points
- Parts of a wave that is measurable: wavelength, amplitude, wave speed, period, and frequency
Types/Categories of Waves
- Mechanical waves - requires a medium (sound, water)
- Electromagnetic waves - created by stars and celestial objects, no medium is needed (radio)
- Radio waves - emitted by radio stations and stars
- Microwaves - easily absorbed by water (radar, cell phone)
- Infrared - "below red," associated with heat (night vision, weather forecasting)
- Visible Light - only part of spectrum you see
- Ultraviolet waves - "beyond violet" (kills viruses, lowers sunburns)
- X-rays - imaging bones, radiotherapy
- Gamma rays - generated from nuclear reactions (stars, bombs)
- Light waves - don't require a medium, travels fastest in a vacuum
- Speed of light - 3.00x10^8 m/s
- Medium - material the wave travels through
- Some require a medium to travel while others do not
- Transverse and longitudial/compression waves
Other Vocabulary
- Pulse - one wave that travels through a medium
- Continuous - repeatedly move up and down
Parts of a transverse Wave
- Transverse waves - moves perpendicular
- Crest - top of the wave
- Trough - bottom of the wave
- Amplitude - distance from center to crest trough
Parts of a compression wave
- Compress zone - particles close together
- Rarefaction zone - less dense area
- Compression waves - moves parallel
Calculating Wave Speed
- Period (T) - time it takes for one length to pass (units = s)
- Frequency (F) - number of waves that pass each second
- Hertz (Hz) - 1 Hz = 1 wave per second
- Wavelength - one complete cycle of a wave
- Equation for Wave Speed - Speed = frequency x wavelength
Wave Interference
- Occurs when two waves run into each other
- Temporary create one wave with different amplitudes
- Amplitude- measure waves height and energy
Constructive Interference
- Two waves combine to form a larger wave
- Waves are in phase - amplitudes add together
Destructive Inteference
- Two waves combine to form a smaller wave
- If the crest of one wave coincides with trough of second wave = out of phase (cancels out)
Rogue Waves
- Created by superposition of waves
- Superposition - combining of waves
Standing Waves
- Caused by two waves inferring with one another continuously
- Looks like it is still