CLAS 1020 Exam 1 Possible Questions

Who wrote "Theogony"?

Hesiod

When was "Theogony" written?

circa 750 BC

What is the earliest extant work of Greek literature?

"Theogony"

True or false: "Theogony" was written as poetry.

True

When did Greece adopt the Phoenician Alphabet?

circa 750 BC

What was the Phoenician Alphabet used for in Ancient Greece?

poetry

What does "Theogony" mean?

Birth of the Gods

Why did Heriod write "Theogony"?

to organize the oral tradition regarding the pantheon

What does "pantheon" mean?

all + gods

What are the genealogies for?

they were used to organize the gods' family groups

What does "anthropomorphism" mean?

human + shape

What does "Theogony" say about the origin of humans?

nothing

True or false: all of the gods appeared at the same time.

False

Who was the first god?

Gaia (Earth)

Who was the mother of Uranus (Heaven), Cronus, Rhea, and 10 other Titans?

Gaia

What does Uranus represent?

Heaven

What two Titans were married?

Cronus and Rhea

Which of her sons did Gaia get with to birth Cronus, Rhea, and 10 other Titans?

Uranus

Who was born of Uranus' penis when it was flung into the ocean?

Aphrodite

Who were the parents of Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades?

Cronus and Rhea

Who were the parents of Persephone?

Demeter and Zeus

Who was the mother of Hephaestus?

Hera

Who were the parents of Ares?

Hera and Zeus

Who was the father of Athena?

Zeus

Who were the parents of Apollo and Artemis?

Zeus and Leto

Who were the parents of Hermes?

Maia and Zeus

Who were the parents of Dionysus?

Zeus and Semele

What prologues "Theogony"?

"Hymn to the Muses"

Who were the parents of the Nine Muses?

Zeus and Memory

Who were Clio, Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene, Terpsichore, Erato, Polyhymnia, Urania, and Calliope?

The Nine Muses

"Mneumonic" and "amnesia" come from which goddess?

Memory

"Museum" and "music" come from who?

The Nine Muses

What is a calliope?

a musical instrument named after the Muse

What is the Latin spelling of "Kronos"?

Cronus

Who were the Muses' companions?

The 3 Graces

Where did many of the gods live?

Mt. Olympus

Where were the Muses born?

Pieria

Who did Apollo lead?

The Muses

What does "Musagetes" mean?

Muse Leader

Who were the major gods?

The Olympians

what does "cosmos" mean?

order / beauty

What does "cosmetics" and "cosmopolitan" come from?

cosmos

What does "chaos" mean?

empty void

What does "gas" come from?

chaos

How is Gaia described in "Theogony"?

broad-breasted

"Geography" and "geology" come from which goddess?

What created Gaia, Erebus (Darkness), Night, Tartarus, and Eros?

Chasm (Chaos)

Who were the parents of Aether (Bright Air) and Day?

Erebus and Night

Who created the mountains and the sea?

Gaia

"Aether," "ether," and "ethereal" come from what god?

Aether

What is the Latin name for Eros?

Cupid

What god personifies attraction between male and female?

Eros

"Erotic" comes from what god?

Eros

What does "uranology" mean?

astronomy

The planet "Uranus" and the element "Uranium" were named after who?

Uranus

Who were the parents of the Titans, Cyclopes, and Hundred-Handers?

Gaia and Uranus (incest)

Who were Thunder, Lightning, and Flash?

The Cyclopes

Who were Cottus, Briareus, and Gyges?

The Hundred-Handers

What does "titanic" and "titanium" come from?

The Titans

What does "cyclops" mean?

round eye

True or false: Uranus detested his children.

True

Which Titan led a rebellion against Uranus?

Cronus

What fake metal was Cronus' sickle made of?

adamant

What does "adamant" and "adamantine" come from?

adamant

Who castrated Uranus?

Cronus

What gave life to the Furies, Giants, Nymphs, and Aphrodite?

Uranus' severed penis blood

Where does "nymphet" and "nymphomania" come from?

The Nymphs

"Aphrodisiac" comes from which goddess?

Aphrodite

What does "Cyprogenes" mean?

Cyprus born

True or false: Night gave birth to personifications of positive forces.

False

Who gave life to Nereus, Thaumus, Phoroys, and Eurbyia?

Sea

Who were the parents of the Neriads?

Nereus and Doris

Who were the parents of Iris and the Harpies?

Thaumus and Electra

Who were the parents of the Graie (Gray Women), Gorgons, Echidna, and the Serpent of Hesperides?

Phoroys and Ceto (incest)

Who were the parents of Pegasus and Chrysaor?

Medusa and Poseidon

Who were the parents of Orthus, Cerebus, and Hydra?

Echidna and Typhon

Who were the parents of Geryon?

Callirrhoe and Chrysaor

Who was the father of Chimaera?

Hydra

Who are the parents of Sphinx and Newmean Lion?

Orthus and Chimaera

Who was the goddess of the rainbow?

Iris

"Iridescence" comes from what goddess?

Iris

Who were the "snatchers"?

Harpies

True or false: Medusa was a gorgon.

True

What were the offspring of Echidna called?

Chthonic Beings

What were the offspring of Tethys and Oceanus called?

Terrestrial Beings

What were the offspring of Thea and Hyperion called?

Celestial Beings

Chthonic beings were associated with what animal?

snakes

"Smoke" comes from which god?

Typhon

How many heads does Cerberus have?

3

How many heads does Hydra have?

9

What are the Latin and English names for Helios?

Sol and Sun

What are the Latin and English names for Selene?

Luna and Moon

What are the Latin and English names for Eos?

Aurora and Dawn

"Heliocentric" and "Helium" come from what god?

Helios

"Selenium," "Lunar," and "Lunatic" come from what goddess?

Selene

"East" comes from what goddess?

Eos

Who is the mother of the 12 Winds?

Eos

What does "Auster" mean?

The South Wind

What are other names for Apollo and Artemis?

Phoebus and Phoebe

Who is the patron goddess of witchcraft and sorcery?

Hecate

What three goddesses make up the trinitarian goddess?

Hecate, Artemis, and Selene

Who is the "Earth Shaker"?

Poseidon

Which Titan married his sister and ate his children?

Cronus

What did Rhea give Cronus so that he wouldn't swallow Zeus?

a stone wrapped in baby clothes

True or false: Cronus was not tricked by the stone and became angry at Rhea.

False

Where was Zeus raised?

Crete

Who was Amaltheia?

Fairy goat that nursed Zeus as a baby

What zodiac sign does Amaltheia represent?

Capricorn

What was the name of the stone that Cronus swallowed and was believed to be the center of the world?

Omphalos (Navel Stone)

Where is Omphalos?

Delphi

True or false: Zeus frees his uncles when he revolts against Cronus?

True

Who made Zeus' lightning bolt?

The Cyclopes

Which god is represented by the lightning bolt?

Zeus

Who sculpted man?

Prometheus

What is the first man made out of?

earth and water

Who frees Prometheus from his chains?

Hercules

Who tricked Zeus twice and caused him to punish man with woman?

Prometheus

Who stole fire from Zeus?

Prometheus

Who is the "Firebringer"?

Prometheus

What animal came to eat Prometheus' liver every day as means of torture?

The Eagle of Zeus

What was the punishment of man for accepting the gift of fire?

woman

Who was the Ambidexter?

Hephaestus

Who created woman?

Hephaestus and Athena

What burden was introduced to man along with woman?

old age

What was the war between the Titans and Zeus called?

Titanomachy

What is Tartarus?

the deep abyss that is used as a dungeon of torment and suffering for the gods

Where is the entrance to Tartarus?

the west near Atlas

Where does Hades live?

Tartarus

Who is Hades' dog?

Cerberus

What is the name of the river that separates the underworld from the living world?

Styx

What does "stygian" come from?

The River Styx

What does "stygian" mean?

dark

Who is the youngest son of Earth?

Typhon

"Typhoon" comes from what creature?

Typhon

Who is the king of the universe and god of law, order, and justice?

Zeus

Who were the parents of Athena?

Metis and Zeus

Who did Zeus eat and then give birth to?

Athena

Who is the goddess of cunning?

Athena

Who was the mother of Horai, Law, Justice, Peace, and the 3 fates?

Themis

Who were Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos?

The 3 Fates

What is another name for the three fates?

Moirai (or Parcae)

Which Fate spins the thread of life?

Clotho

"Cloth" and "clothes" come from which Fate?

Clotho

Which Fate measures the thread?

Lachesis

Which Fate cuts the thread?

Atropos

Who are Beauty, Love, and Festivity?

The 3 Graces

Who was the parents of the 3 Graces?

Eurynome and Zeus

Who did Hades abduct?

Persephone

Who is the part time queen of the underworld?

Persephone

Who mourns Persephone when she is in the underworld?

Demeter

Who made Hades give up Persephone?

Zeus

Who was the goddess of youth?

Hebe

Who was the god of war?

Ares

Who was the goddess of childbirth?

Eileithyia

How was Athena born?

from the head of Zeus

What does "tritogenia" mean?

goddess born from the head

What is parthenogenesis?

virgin birth

Who does Poseidon marry?

Amphitrite

Who are the parents of Triton?

Poseidon and Amphitrite

Who are the parents of Terror, Fear, and Harmonia?

Aphrodite and Ares

Who was the herald of the gods?

Hermes

True or false: Semele was the goddess of wine.

False (mortal)

Who were the parents of Hercules?

Zeus and Alcmena

True or false: Alcmene was a mortal.

True

What does "Theogony" end with?

Farewell to the Muses

What are heroes?

demi-gods

Who are often omitted from the Pantheon to make it a dozen?

Hades and Hestia

"Olympian" comes from what mountain?

Mt. Olympus

What is the Roman name for Cronus?

Saturn

"Saturday" is named for what Titan?

Cronus (Saturn)

What does "saturnine" mean?

gloomy

What is a "saturnalia"?

a Greek spring festival

What Titan has a moon and bird named after her?

Rhea

What is the Latin name for Zeus?

Jupiter (or Jove)

Which god enforced fate?

Zeus

True or false: Zeus knows everything and he can do anything.

False

What is Zeus' bird?

eagle

What is Zeus' tree?

oak

What does "jovial" mean?

cheerful

True or false: all Grecian people were invited to the Panhellenic Games.

True

Where is the chief cult site of Zeus?

Olympia

True or false: Olympia was a city.

False (religious sanctuary)