Muscle Practical

Masseter (human)

Cheek muscle, Elevates mandible, mastication

Sternohyoid (human)

anterior neck muscle, two stripes, Depresses hyoid during speech and swallowing

Masseter (cat)

ball shaped muscle in cheek, Depresses hyoid during speech and swallowing

Sternohyoid (cat)

anterior neck muscle, two stripes, Depresses hyoid during speech and swallowing

Sternomastoid (cat)

v-shaped muscle in neck, Flexion of neck, rotating head

Temporalis (human)

muscle on temple of head, above masseter, Elevates and retracts mandible, mastication

Orbicularis Oculi (human)

around eyes, closes eyes

Zygomaticus (human)

runs corner of mouth to cheeks, raises lateral corners of the mouth upward, allows for smiling,

Orbicularis Oris (human)

around mouth, closes lips

Sternocleidomastoid (human)

v-shaped muscle in neck, Flexion of neck, rotating head

Pectoralis Major (human)

chest, Arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm

Pectoralis Major (cat)

Pectoralis Minor (human)

beneath pectoralis major, Draws scapula forward and inferiorly, draws ribcage superiorly

Pectoralis Minor (cat)

Xiphihumeralis (cat)

Muscles of the chest

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, xiphihumeralis

Rectus Abdominis (human)

medial core, Flexes and rotates vertebral column

Rectus Abdominis (cat)

medial core, superficial layer, flexes and rotates vertebral column

External Oblique (human)

lateral to abdominals, superficial, Flexes and rotates vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall, trunk rotation and lateral flexion

External Oblique (cat)

lateral to abdominals, superficial, Flexes and rotates vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall, trunk rotation and lateral flexion

Internal Oblique (human)

Internal Oblique (cat)

lateral to abdominals, second layer, Flexes and rotates vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall, trunk rotation and lateral flexion

Transversus Abdominis (human)

Transversus Abdominis (cat)

lateral to abdominals, lowest layer, Compresses abdominal wall

Muscles of the Abdomen

rectus abdominis, external, internal, transverse oblique

Clavotrapezius (cat)

posterior lateral neck, extending head, or act on the scapula to stabilize, rotate, retract, elevate, or depress it

Acromiotrapezius (cat)

on shoulder blade, extending head, or act on the scapula to stabilize, rotate, retract, elevate, or depress it

Spinotrapezius (cat)

below acrominotrapezius, v-shaped, mid back, extending head, or act on the scapula to stabilize, rotate, retract, elevate, or depress it

Trapezius (human)

extending head, or act on the scapula to stabilize, rotate, retract, elevate, or depress it

Clavodeltoid (cat)

top of shoulder, runs side to side, abduction of the arm; can contribute to flexion, extension, and rotation of the arm

Acromiodeltoid (cat)

below calvodeltoid, runs side to side, abduction of the arm; can contribute to flexion, extension, and rotation of the arm

Spinodeltoid (cat)

runs up and down on shoulder, abduction of the arm; can contribute to flexion, extension, and rotation of the arm

Deltoid (human)

shoulder, abduction of the arm; can contribute to flexion, extension, and rotation of the arm

Latissimus Dorsi (cat)

lower mid back muscle, large, Adducts and medially rotates arm

Latissimus Dorsi (human)

mid lower mid back muscle, large, Adducts and medially rotates arm

Superficial Muscles of Shoulder and Back

trapezius, deltoid, latissimus dorsi

Serratus Ventralis (cat)

side, fan shaped, multi ended muscles, Protract and hold scapula against chest, rotates scapula

Serratus Anterior (human)

side, fan shaped, multi ended muscles, Protract and hold scapula against chest, rotates scapula

Rhomboids (cat)

seen in praying position, between scapula, Pull scapula medially, stabilizes scapula

Rhomboids (human)

between scapula, Pull scapula medially, stabilizes scapula

Supraspinatus (cat)

runs up and down, medial upper back, Abduction of the arm, stabilizes arm

Supraspinatus (human)

above spine of scapula, Lateral rotation of the arm

Infraspinatus (cat)

Mid back, under supraspinatus, Lateral rotation of the arm

Infraspinatus (human)

below spine of trapezius, Lateral rotation of the arm

Deep Muscles of the Trunk

serratus ventralis (anterior), rhomboids, supraspinatus, infraspinatus

Muscles of the Forelimb

biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachialis, pronator teres, palmares longus

Biceps Brachii (cat)

anterior upper arm, Forearm flexion

Biceps Brachii (human)

anterior upper arm, Forearm flexion

Triceps Brachii (cat)

posterior upper arm, forearm extension

Triceps Brachii (human)

posterior upper arm, forearm extension

Brachialis (cat)

under biceps brachiallis, Forearm flexion

Brachialis (human)

under biceps brachiallis, Forearm flexion

Pronator Teres (cat)

runs across anterior lower arm, Pronates forearm

Pronator Teres (human)

runs across anterior lower arm, Pronates forearm

Palmaris Longus (cat)

large, runs across anterior lower arm up and down, Flexes hand, tenses skin of palm

Palmaris Longus (human)

large, runs across anterior lower arm up and down, Flexes hand, tenses skin of palm

Muscles of the Posteriolateral Thigh

tensor fascia lata, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, caudofemoralis, biceps femoris, semimembanosus, semitendinosus

Tensor Fascia Lata (with fascia lata) (cat)

Tensor Fascia Lata (with fascia lata) (human)

Gluteus Medius (cat)

Gluteus Medius (human)

Gluteus Maximus (cat)

Gluteus Maximus (human)

Caudofemoralis (cat)

Hamstrings

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Biceps Femoris (cat)

Biceps Femoris (human)

Semimembranosus (cat)

Semimembranosus (human)

Semitendinosus (cat)

Semitendinosus (human)

Sartorius (cat)

Sartorius (human)

Gracilis (cat)

Gracilis (human)

Adductor Longus (cat)

Adductor Longus (human)

Adductor Femoris (cat)

Adductor Femoris (human)

Quadriceps

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis intermedius

Rectus Femoris (cat)

Rectus Femoris (human)

Vastus Lateralis (cat)

Vastus Lateralis (human)

Vastus Medialis (cat)

Vastus Medialis (human)

Vastus Intermedius (cat)

Vastus Intermedius (human)

Muscles of the Lower Leg

gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior

Gastrocnemius (cat)

posterior lower leg, Plantarflexes foot

Gastrocnemius (human)

posterior lower leg, Plantarflexes foot

Soleus (cat)

under gastrocnemius, Plantarflexes foot

Soleus (human)

under gastrocnemius, Plantarflexes foot

Tibialis Anterior (cat)

anterior lower leg, dorsiflexes foot

Tibialis Anterior (human)

anterior lower leg, dorsiflexes leg