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Lec Exam 4

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Biology

Anatomy

University/Undergrad

152 Terms
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major flexor of hip joint
O: gluteal surface of ilium I: gluteal tuberosity F: extension, external rotation, abduction and adduction of the thigh
O: the anterior inferior iliac spine and the other from the ridge of the acetabulum I: quad tendon at patella F: only muscle of the quadriceps to cross both the hip and knee joints; flexes the thigh at the hip joint, and extends at the knee joint
O: ASIS I: tibia F: flexes hip and knee while laterally rotating leg
O: femur I: QT (quad tendon) F: stabilize knee joint
O: top of femur I: QT F: stabilize knee joint
under rectus femoris F: stabilize knee joint
I: Middle third of linea aspera of femur F: adduct the thigh at the hip joint
I: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur F: dynamic stabilizer of the pelvis and femur as well as a prime mover of the femur into adduction
I: inserts on the medial tibia F: hip adduction, knee flexion, and knee internal rotation
O: anterior superior iliac spine I: lateral condyle of tibia F: thigh internal rotation, weak abduction, external rotation, weak flection and extension, stabilizes hip & knee joints
O: gluteal surface of ilium I: greater trochanter F: abductor
O: gluteal surface of ilium I: greater trochanter F: abductor
O: ischial tuberosity I: tibia and fibula F: movement at both the hip joint and knee joint
O: ischial tuberosity I: tibia F: flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint
O: ischial tuberosity I: tibia F: extend at the hip and flex at the knee
O: head of fibula I: posterior surface of calcaneu F: plantar flexors
F: dorsiflexes the foot at the talocrural joint and inverts it at the subtalar joint
F: extend the foot at the ankle, along with the four smallest toes
I: medial cuneiform bone F: produce the plantarflexion and eversion of the foot on the ankle joint
region of the brain that contains motor neurons involved in the comprehension of speech
contains neurons involved in speech function
the area that provides the most important signal for the production of skilled movements
processing afferent somatosensory input and contributes to the integration of sensory and motor signals necessary for skilled movement
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Modality: Sensory Function: S-smell Exit from Skull: olfactory fossa from cribiform plate
Modality: Sensory Function: S-vision and visual field Exit from Skull: optic foramen
Modality: motor Function: M- eye muscles and pupil Exit from Skull: superior orbital fissure
Modality: motor Function: eye muscle (superior oblique) Exit from Skull: superior orbital fissure
Modality: sensory Function: S- forehead, around eyes, cornea Exit from Skull: superior orbital fissure
Modality: sensory Function: S- teeth, skin over maxilla Exit from Skull: foramen rotundum
Modality: sensory and motor Function: S-teeth of lower jaw and tongue M- mastication Exit from Skull: foramen ovale
Modality: motor Function: M-eye muscle (lateral rectus) Exit from Skull: superior orbital fissure
Modality: sensory and motor Function: S-taste in anterior part of tongue, external ear M- facial expression Exit from Skull: internal auditory meatus and stylomastoid foramen
Modality: sensory Function: S-hearing and balance Exit from Skull: internal auditory meatus
Modality: sensory and motor Function: S- taste in posterior part of tongue, pharynx M- pharyngeal muscles Exit from Skull: jugular foramen

Modality: sensory and motor

Function: S-thoracic and abdominal viscera

M- parasympathetic to abdominal organs

Exit from Skull: jugular foramen

(only cranial nerve to exit the head and neck region)

Modality: sensory and motor \ Function: S-thoracic and abdominal viscera M- parasympathetic to abdominal organs \ Exit from Skull: jugular foramen (only cranial nerve to exit the head and neck region)
Modality: motor Function: M- SCM and trapezius Exit from Skull: jugular foramen
Modality: motor Function: M- tongue and throat muscles Exit from Skull: hypoglossal canal
a large, crescent-shaped fold of dura mater that descends vertically into the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain
an invagination of the meningeal layer of the dura mater that separates the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum and brainstem
Two of them Go from frontal to occipital lobe Separated by septum pellucidum At the bottom there are interventricular foramen that led to third ventricle
found at level of thalamus and hypothalamus
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In between cerebellum and backside of brainstem Has opening for CSF (medial and lateral apertures) to flow around the arachnoid layer
Major centers for sensory input other than hearing, balance, smell, vision Touch, temperature, pain, two-point discrimination
Coordinates with parietal and temporal lobes Vision center
Memory storage and recall
Behind temporal lobe 4-5 gyri wide Deepest lobe of cerebrum Plays a role in addiction and compulsive behavior
very small region; controls learned motor skills (especially those of patterned nature), coordinates multiple muscle groups to work at the same time
decision making, logic, conscience (right and wrong)
precentral gyrus on both sides Bundle of axons that go through the brain and brainstem that become white matter motor pathways in spinal cord Areas that have fine tune control over have large surface area on cortex Face, hands, arm
postcentral gyrus on both sides Areas that have fine tune sensory ability have large surface area on cortex Hands, face, teeth
visual processing, through optic nerve Visual association area right above it
inside temporal lobe near frontal lobe Sense of smell is only sense that does not have mandatory stop-over in thalamus Continuations of olfactory fibers into hypothalamus
top part of temporal lobe
Fibers that run back and forth in the same hemisphere Short and long
Deep gray matter Send and receive input regarding movements between brainstem, cerebrum, and cerebellum Helps inhibit unwanted muscle contractions of skeletal muscles Disorders of basal nuclei can suffer from resting tremors
Myelinates and insulates CNS axons Allows faster action potential propagation along axons in the CNS
Most abundant Form blood-brain barrier Regulate interstitial fluid composition Structural support and organization to CNS Assists w neural development Replicates to occupy space and dying neurons
Lines ventricles of the brain and central canal of spinal cord Assists in production and circulation of CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)
Phagocytic cells that move through the CNS Protects CNS by engulfing infections agents and other potential harmful substances
Found in PNS Myelinates and insulates PNS axons Allows for faster action potential propagation along an axon in the PNS
Dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves Found in PNS Electrically insulates PNS cell bodies Regulates nutrient and waste exchange for cell bodies in ganglia
Most abundant in the body Major type in the CNs
Rare Found in special sensory organs (eyes, olfactory mucosa, ear)
Found minimally in PNS Common only in dorsal root ganglia of spinal cord and sensory ganglia of cranial nerves

resistance

thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus unconscious brain

wernickes -> brocas - > pre and primary motor cortex -> thalamus

supinator

O: CET, ulna

I: radius

F: supinates hand

O: CET, ulna \ I: radius \ F: supinates hand

pronator teres

O: proximal humerus, ulna

I: radius

F: pronates hand

O: proximal humerus, ulna \ I: radius F: pronates hand

pronator quadratus

O: distal ulna

I: distal radius

F: Prime pronator of forearm.

O: distal ulna \ I: distal radius F: Prime pronator of forearm.

muscles that laterally rotate thigh

Superior and inferior gemelli

Obturator externus and internus

Piriformis and Quadratus femoris