Cs

Computers___

Process input to produce output

Algorithms are written in machine language

False

A computing agent___

Executes the instruction in an algorithm

Select all answers that are true

Data is communicated via networks

A hard drive is a __

Hardware component

Programming languages are informal languages that make suggestions that computers may or may not follow

False

Memory is ___

An ordered sequence of storage cells that can be accessed by address

The central processing Unit (CPU)is also called the __ of the computer

Brain

Ports are ___ that allow multiple clients to exchange data with the same server

Channels

A binary digit have __ possible values

Two

Random access memory (RAM) is also called primary memory

Primary memory

Semiconductor storage media utilizes __ to store data permanently

Solid state circuitry

Optical storage media utilizes __ to store and access data

Laser technology

Machine code is ___

The language used directly by the computer

A loader is __

Copies programs from secondary memory to primary memory

Two major types of software are __

Systems software and applications software

A file system organizes data__

On secondary storage media

A terminal-based interface contains buttons, drop down menus and icons.

False

A touchscreen interface allows a user to enter input by __

Tapping and gesturing

Fortran, Cobol, Java and Python are___

High level programming languages

The text editor that we use to write our python programs is __

Replit

Syntax errors are caused by having too many window open

False

A virtual Machine is a hardware tool that behaves like a high-level computer.

False

The Abacus was one of the first __

Calculators

The Jacquard's Loom was designed to accept input in the form of a

Set of punched cards

Herman Hollerith developed a machine that was used by the

U.S. Census Bureau

Boolean data is named after the British school teacher_

George Boole

Alan Turing developed the concept of a universal machine that could be specialized to solve any computable problem, and to demonstrate that some problems are unsolvable by computers.

True

The computer that calculated ballistics tables for the artillery of the U.S. Army toward the end of WW II was called the __

ENIAC

The early mainframe computers were larger than out classrooms

True

A compiler ___

Automatically converts instructions from a high-level language to machine language

____ applications that mimic human thinking and learning

Artificial Intelligence

___ ignores complex details

Abstraction

__ are used to build computers circuitry for memory and a processor

Transistors

A solid-state device has moving parts

False

Moore's Law thats that processing speed and storage capacity will double every ___

24 months

Starting a payroll job at 10:00 PM Saturday night is an example of

Batched Processing

A CRT is a __

Cathode Ray Tube

The first process microprocessor chip was the ___

Intel 8080

Interactive 3D environments are called ___

Virtual Reality

Ignoring the complex details of a task or data structure is called___

Abstraction

A chunk of code that can be treated as a unit and called to perform a task is called a___

Function

Functions may have optional and/or required arguments

True

All python programmers must have a __

Main Module

2***3+4*5 =

28

The __ is used to development software

Waterfall model

Programmers never go back to previous software development phases.

False

Variables serve __ purposes

Two

There are __ types of python comments

Three

1/4 has infinite precision

False

An arithmetic expression consists of __

Operands and operators familiar to from algebra

Python modules are __

Taken from libaries

The most expensive software development lifecycle phase is ___

Maintenance

The two python numeric data types are __

int and float

The planning and organizing of a program is called software development.

True

The software development life cycle beings with ___

A customer request

Programmers never return to an earlier phase of the software development life cycle.

True

A stylized half-English, half-code language written in English but suggesting program code is called ___

Pseudocode

A logic error prevents the program from running

False

A set of tests cases that exercise the capabilities of a software component is called a ___

Test Suite

A sequence of two characters in a string, the first of which is / is called a(n)

escape sequence

A name that receives a value at program start-up and whose value cannot be changed is called a(n)

symbolic constant

If n is an integer variable, then you can represent a number in scientific notation by multiplying it by __

10**n

Arabic letters are contained in the ASCII character set.

False

When a loop the executes a predetermined number of times it is called a(n)___

Definite iteration

a+=3 is an example of a(n)

Augmented assignment

The out of for i in range (1.4): print(i) will be

1 2 3

Loop counter variables can count up or down

True

Selection statements allow a computer to make choices based on a ___

Condition

An if statement with no elif is a one-way selection statement.

True

To represent all possible outcomes of Boolean expressions, we use a ___

Truth Table

A while loop is also call a(n)___

Entry-control loop

A break statement will cause an exit from a loop.

True

The ___ method returns a random number

random.radint

A statement that allows the computer to repeat or select an action is call a(n)__

Control statement

A structured loop consisting of an initializer expression, a terminator expression , and update expression, and a statement is called a(n)

for loop

A sequence of items ordered by position is called a(n)

List

Tabular format is the presentation of output in rows of data that are either left-aligned or right-aligned.

True

The number of columns used for output of text is called the ___

Field width

A prototype is ____

A tough draft or outline of a program, which runs but without its full functionality

The amount by which a counter is incremented or decremented in a count controlled loop is called the __

Step Value

A conditional iteration continues as long as a condition is true.

True

A loop is also called a(n)__

Pass

Tue first line of a loop is called the ___

Loop header

A disjunction uses the logical operator____

or

A conjunction uses the logical operator__

and

Adding all of the numbers in the range of a for loop will give you the ___

Summation

When the result of a loop is one less or one greater than the expected value, it is called the ___

Off-by-one-error

Halting the evaluation of a Boolean expression after evaluation the results of the first subexpression is called ___

Short-circuit evaluation

A portion is a string called a ___

substring

The subscript operator is ___

[]

Attackers use ___ to observe data crossing wireless networks.

Sniffing software

If the Caesar cipher key is 5, every "a" in the plaintext will be replaced with a ___

F

The binary representation of 625 is ___

1001110001

To convert from octal to binary, use two bits to represent each octal digit

False

To convert from hexadecimal from binary, use for bits to represent each hexadecimal digit

True

split() is a

Method

A for loop treats as input file as a sequence of lines

True

The extension of a Python program file is ___

.py

A data structure in which one cannot insert, remove or replace the values contained therein is a ____

Immutable Data structure

A compound unit consisting of several data values is a ___

Data structure

The relative position of a component of a linear data structure or collection is the __

Index

Cipher text is the output of an encryption process

True

A numbers system that represents base ten-numbers, using the digits 0 through 9 is the

Decimal numbering system

The value resulting from raising a digit at a given position in a number to its base is the ___

Positional value

A data value that has an internal state and a set of operations for manipulating that state is a ____

object

An area of computer memory used to transmit data to and from external storage is ___

buffer

A method used to test other methods is a ___

driver

The directory at the top of beginning of a file system is the ___

root directory

An operation that returns a subsection of a linear collection of is called ____

slicing

The input for an encryption process is _____

plain text

You must ___ cipher text to translate it to plain text

Decrypt

The len function returns the number of characters in its string argument

True

The directory that running a program is attached to is called the ___

Current working directory