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Alcohol Blackouts

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Alcohol Blackouts

Memory loss associated with alcohol

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Naltrexone

Binds endorphin receptors to block the effects of alcohol

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Disulferam

Causes unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, such as vomiting and nausea

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Acamprosate

Maintains abstinence by restoring the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition

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BAC

Blood Alcohol Concentration

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Recovered

Cessation of heavy drinking and remission from AUD, NOT the same as cured

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Smoking Alcohol

Heating alcohol and inhaling the vapors. Causes rapid and intense "high".

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Tolerance

Tolerance to alcohol's effects. Requires drinking more to get the same "high"

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Recovered vs. Cured

Alcoholics can recover, but cannot be cured. Relapses can occur.

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Effects of Alcohol on Kidneys

Reduction in blood filtration rate, causing dehydration due to electrolyte deficiency.

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Blood-breathe ratio

2100:1 Blood:Alcohol normally, this ratio is used by breathalyzer to calculate BAC

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Alcoholic Myopathy

Loss of muscle and cell function due to alcohol

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Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy

Damage to heart muscles due to alcohol

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Alcoholics Anonymous

Support group for AUD

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Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Earliest stage of alcohol related liver disease, leads to cirrhosis

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Detoxification

Stopping consumption of alcohol, cleansing it from your body

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Cirrhosis

Scarring(fibrosis) caused by alcohol. Makes it more difficult for liver to function

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Wet Brain (Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency, causes confusion, loss of muscle control, abnormal eye movement, cannot be cured

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Delirium Tremens

Rapid onset of confusion due to alcohol withdrawal

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Hallucinations

Hearing , seeing, or touching things that aren't there

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-itis

inflammation

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AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder)

Addiction to alcohol

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1 Drink - Beer

12 oz

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1 Drink - Wine

5 oz

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1 Drink - Distilled Spirits

1.5 oz

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Functioning Alcoholic

Those who can still participate in most regular activities without exhibiting all the effects of AUD.

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Stomach Sphincter

Wider when you have an empty stomach. Drinking on an empty stomach causes faster absorption of alcohol.

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How many drinks puts you over 0.08 BAC?

Male: 4-5 Female: 3-4

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Who has higher body fat percentage?

Women

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Effect of Alcohol on Inhibitions

Significantly lowers these barriers, leading to risky behavior.

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Breathalyzer

Measures the BAC in a person's blood

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Vaportini

Glass instrument used to heat up alcohol to be inhaled

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Drunk Walking

Lack of posture, composure, standards when walking, reduced likelihood to use crosswalks and traffic lights

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1st in accidental deaths

Car Accidents (50% alcohol related)

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2nd in accidental deaths

Falls

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3rd in accidental deaths

Drowning

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4th in accidental deaths

Burning

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FASD (Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder)

Physical and mental impairment due to alcohol consumption during pregnancy

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1st in preventable deaths

Smoking

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2nd in preventable deaths

Obesity

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3rd in preventable deaths

Alcohol

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Barriers to treatment

Fear, distractions, severe symptoms

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Effective treatment

Acknowledgement (willingness to be treated), detoxification (cleansing alcohol from body), rehabilitation (return to normal life)

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Role of Sulfuric Acid in Breathalyzer

Moves alcohol from air to liquid to measure BAC

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Ethanol

Active ingredient in alcohol

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Number of people with some form of alcoholism

30 million

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Number of teens with some form of alcoholism

13 million

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Volatility

Tendency to evaporate. Alcohol has much higher volatility than water.

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Alveoli

Tiny air sacs within the lungs

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How can alcohol be absorbed?

Absorbed through mucosal cavity, stomach, small intestine

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Alcohol Amnestic Syndrome (Korsakoff Syndrome)

Caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), reversible

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