Bio Quiz 2

macromolecule

any very large complex molecule; found only in plants and animals

carbohydrate

polysaccharide (CHO)

carbohydrate building blocks

monosaccharide. simple sugar ( glucose)

C6H12O6

glucose

monomer

a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers

polymer

a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers

functions of carbs

quick energy (starch, glycogen, sugar) structure (cellulose-cell walls of plants)

lipids

(CHO) not a polymer, but are often made of glycerol and fatty acid (satires vs. unsaturated

lipid function

long term energy storage, insulation. i.e- fats, oils, waxes (don’t dissolve in water) cholesterol and phospholipids

protein

CHON(S)

protein building blocks

amino acids (theres 20)

peptide bond

links amino acids

functions of proteins

enzymes(speed up reactions) structure (collagen, keratin) transport(hemoglobin) antibodies

nucleic acids

(CHONP)

building blocks of nucleic acids

nucleotides (phosphate, pentose 5-C, nitrogenous bases- a, t, g, c, u)

nucleic acid functions

make up hereditary info (DNA and RNA)

properties of water

structure, adhesive, universal solvent, ice, high specific heat

capillary action

when water moves up a material

adhesive

sticks to other things

cohesive

sticks to itself

high specific heat

ability of a substance to hold into heat

ph scale

scale from 0-14 measure acid(0-7) or base/alkaline(7-14)