Chapter 9 Review - MusculoSkeletal Drugs

Drugs used to treat osteoarthritis reduce pain and inflammation by inhibiting the production of…

Prostaglandins

NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are...

Are less likely than aspirin to cause gastric irritation or ulcers

The hormone cortisol, from which corticosteroid drugs are produced, is secreted by…

The cortex of the adrenal gland

Because of the side effects associated with their prolonged oral use, ________ are only prescribed to treat the acute symptoms of osteoarthritis for a limited time.

Corticosteroid drugs

The normal balance (homeostasis) between new bone deposition and bone resorption (breakdown) is maintained by all of the following, EXCEPT...

Exercise and exposure to the sun Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin hormone Calcium and vitamin D in the diet

Rheumatoid arthritis is…

an autoimmune response of the body's own immune system

What drug has the most powerful anti-inflammatory effect?

Hydrocortisone (Cortef)

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning acetaminophen?

It is used to treat osteoarthritis.

All of the following are skeletal muscle relaxant drugs EXCEPT

Alendronate (Fosamax)

The long-term use of hormone replacement therapy to treat menopause and the symptoms of osteoporosis carries with it the risk of ________.

Myocardial Infarctio, Stroke, Breast & Endometrial cancer

Ibuprofen belongs to what category of drugs?

NSAID

Miacalcin

Fosamax

William Ruckles has severe rheumatoid arthritis. His physician prescribed ________an oral gold compound drug

Auranofin (Ridaura)

Rheumatoid arthritis is treated with

Gold compound drugs

The ending -profen is common to generic...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Risk factors for osteoporosis include all of the following EXCEPT

Weightbearing and constant movement of joints

Which of the following drugs is injected into a joint?

Betamethasone (Celestone) Triamcinolone (Aristospan Intra-articular) Hyaluronic acid (Hyalgan, Synvisc)

Which of the following statements about hyaluronic acid (Hyalgan Synvisc) is TRUE?

It is also used as a gel-type filler that is injected under the skin to minimize wrinkles.

All of the following are topical drugs used to treat the pain of osteoarthritis EXCEPT

Ascriptin

Osteoporosis is treated with all of the following types of drugs EXCEPT

NSAIDS

The therapeutic effect of etanercept (Enbrel) in treating rheumatoid arthritis is that it suppresses the immune response and blocks the...

Tumor necrosis factor

Bridget Maurer is taking a monoclonal antibody drug for her rheumatoid arthritis. That drug might include any of the following drugs EXCEPT

Abatacept (Orencia)

Which of these drugs is NOT used for synovial fluid replacement

Flexeril

Which bone resorption inhibitor drug must be given intravenously

Zoledronic acid (Reclast Zometa)

All of the following drugs are used to treat osteoarthritis EXCEPT

Muscle relaxant drugs

All of the following are the trade names of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs EXCEPT

Skelexin and Flexeril

Muscle relaxant drugs specifically relieve muscle

Spasms and stiffness

Which of the following drugs is used to treat fibromyalgia?

The anticonvulsant drug pregabalin (Lyrica) The antidepressant drug duloxetine (Cymbalta) The local anesthetic drug lidocaine (Xylocaine) injected into trigger points

________ drugs come in a special arrangement of oral tablets whose number continually decreases each day until the treatment is finished after one week

Corticosteroid

________ is also known as degenerative joint disease

Osteoarthritis

Drugs used to treat osteoarthritis include those that reduce pain and inflammation. Which of the following categories of drugs do not reduce the pain and inflammation of osteoarthritis?

Gold compound drugs

Gold compound drugs...

Inhibit macrophages from the immune system Have names that often contain the letters RA

Only ________ drugs can reverse the cartilage and bone damage that has already occurred in the joints of patients with osteoarthritis

There are no drugs that can reverse the cartilage and bone damage of osteoarthritis once it has occurred.

The cause of fibromyalgia is...

Unknown

Which joints are the first to exhibit signs of osteoarthritis.

All of them

The combining form oste/o- (as in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis) means...

Bone

All of these drugs are combination drugs used to treat osteoporosis. Which one is available as a transdermal patch?

ClimaraPro

Mature bone is a hard, unchanging substance

False

Some hormone replacement drugs used to treat menopause are also indicated for the prevention of osteoporosis.

True

Because acetaminophen has no anti-inflammatory action, it is no longer used to treat the pain associated with osteoarthritis.

False

NSAIDs are structurally similar enough to aspirin that some patients who are allergic to aspirin should not take NSAIDs.

True

Drugs that are derivatives of hyaluronic acid are injected into the joints of patients with osteoarthritis to improve the lubricating qualities of the synovial fluid.

True

The category of salicylate drugs used to treat osteoarthritis includes aspirin, one of the oldest drugs known to man.

True

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

True

Some corticosteroid drugs are given as intra-articular injections into a joint affected by osteoarthritis.

True

Two types of bone cells are constantly at work: Osteoclasts deposit new bone and osteoblasts break down and remove areas of old or damaged bone.

False

Calcitonin-salmon is the drug form of the body hormone calcitonin. This drug is derived from salmon fish

True

Muscle relaxant drugs are useful in treating the pain and inflammation of osteoarthritis of muscle strains, sprains, and "pulled muscles."

False

Chondroitin, a substance found in the dietary supplement Osteo Bi-Flex, helps cartilage retain its water content.

True

The topical drug capsaicin is a natural substance derived from chili pepper plants; it makes the skin and joint less sensitive to pain by decreasing nerve signals from sensory nerves.

True

Oral gold compound drugs can reverse joint damage that has already occurred in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

False

Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) belongs to the drug category of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are used to treat osteoarthritis.

True

The NSAID diclofenac (Voltaren) was the first prescription topical skin gel approved by the FDA for treating the pain of osteoarthritis.

True

The immunomodulator drug leflunomide (Arava), which is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, is not given to patients with decreased liver function because it has a very long half-life.

True

The drug diazepam (Valium) is used for muscle relaxation, but it is really an antianxiety drug, not a skeletal muscle relaxant drug.

True

In women, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin hormone, calcium in the diet, vitamin D, exercise, and the hormones estradiol and progesterone help prevent rheumatoid arthritis.

False

Indomethacin (Indocin), a drug used to treat osteoarthritis, is also given intravenously to newborn infants to close a persistent patent ductus arteriosus heart defect, an abnormality in the fetal circulation.

True

The drug ibandronate (Boniva) has a unique bone-shaped indentation on its tablet.

False

Two COX-2 inhibitor drugs were taken off the market because of an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. Only one COX-2 inhibitor is currently on the market.

True

The joints have a large number of pain receptors, and damage to the joints can cause chronic, severe pain.

True

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor drugs are used to treat fibromyalgia.

False (These drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis)

The endings -dronate and -dronic are common to generic bone resorption inhibitor drugs that are used to treat osteoporosis.

True

The bone resorption inhibitor drug ibandronate (Boniva) is advertised as the osteoporosis drug that is easiest to remember to take because it is taken just once a month.

True

Monoclonal Antibody Drug

Golimumab (Simponi)

Bone Resorption Inhibitor Drug

Ibandronate (Boniva)

Gold Compound Drug

Auranofin (Ridaura)

Muscle Relaxant Drug

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

Salicylate Drug

Magnesium sulfate (Doan's)

Corticosteroid Drug

Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

SERM Drug

Raloxifene (Evista)

COX-2 Inhibitor Drug

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Estrogen Drug

Estropipate (Ogen)