World Civ II Exam One

The Columbian Exchange

The movement of life across the Atlantic

Malinche

Daughter of local Aztec leader, knew politics, helped Cortés navigate and communicate, 13/14 years old, and knew 3-4 languages

Requerimiento

1513; if local officials don't comply to Spanish rule and accept Christianity, their wives and children will be sold into slavery and their stuff will be stolen; on behalf of the Pope

Yeoman

European; Independent/private landowners who owned their crops; what many aspired to be but was unattainable for most.

Heresies

Anything that is not in the teachings of the Bible or the word of Christ; Science and religions other than Christianity

Spanish Inquisition

1470s-1530s; Maintained Catholic orthodoxy of Spain and rid the country of "religious others"

Mercantilism

New kind of economic system; Trade in order to increase state power at the expense of others

Capitalism

Economic system in which private actors own and control property in accord with their own interests and set market set prices; essential motive is profit

Triangular Trade

International economic system that helped establish the merchant class; Between Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Rajputs

Lords under the emperor who were landowners and the warrior class and vital to the expansion of the empire; Mughal India

Emperor Akbar

1556-1605, Mughal India; Tripled Mughal in size and had many reforms (including Hindu tolerance)

Hongwu

1328-1398; First Ming emperor that was born a peasant farmer and had an aptitude for power and politics

Zheng He

1371-1433; Large fleets sent as far east as Africa in the name of exploration and promoted commerce

Examination System

Competency exams that encouraged education to promote an efficient bureaucracy

Daimyo

Local landholding elite that were an army of samurai