Hgap unit 2 test

Crude Birth Rate

the number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population

Natural Rate of Increase

the percentage by which a population grows in a year

Pronatalist

policies that encourage births and aim to accelerate population growth.

Antinatalist

policies are designed to curb population growth by discouraging citizens from having children.

Internal Migration

permanent move within the same country

International Migration

permanent move from one country to another.

Interregional Migration

Movement between regions of a country

Intraregional Migration

Movement within the same region

Political Push Factors:

-Political Persecution -Intolerance of dissent -Abuse of power by ruling parties -Open Violence /Conflict

Political Pull Factors:

-Peace -Greater freedoms from government oversight

Economic Push factors:

-Poor job prospects -Low wages -Weak national economy -No opportunities for the highly skilled or educated.

Economic Pull factors:

-Better employment opportunities -High wages -Low unemployment -Strong national economy

Demographic Push factors:

-Overpopulation -Lack of access to needed services

Demographic Pull factors:

-Imbalance in gender ratio (ability to find a spouse) -Low population

Environmental Push factors:

-Drought -Flooding -Crop failures

Environmental Pull factors:

-Desirable climate -Fertile soil -Flat land

Human Migration

a permanent move to a new location

Net migration

the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a location.

refugee

A refugee has been forced to migrate to avoid a potential threat to his or her life, and they cannot return for fear of persecution.

Brain drain

the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another, often richer, country

Thomas Malthus

He theorized that the world’s population was growing exponentially while food production was growing arithmetically.

transhumance

the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer.

Total Fertility Rate

is the average number of children one woman in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years.

Antinatalist

policies are designed to curb population growth by discouraging citizens from having children.

Pronatalist

policies that encourage births and aim to accelerate population growth.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum population size an environment can sustain

Relocation diffusion

the spread of ideas and culture traits through migration.

Dependency Ratio

The number of people who are too young/old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive years.

Forced Migration

the forcibly induced movement of people, for example, when migrants are forced to flee to escape conflict or persecution or become trafficked.

Voluntary migration

when people CHOOSE to move, this is often for economic reasons for work or for social reasons such as to be closer to family.

Intervening obstacles

an occurrence that causes a migrant to pause their journey. This can be by choice (intervening opportunity) or by force (obstacle).

Intervening opportunities

JOBS!

epidemic

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.

Pandemic

(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.

Internally Displaced Person

Is similar to a refugee, but they have not migrated across an international border.

:)

:D