More chem II questions

The adrenal cortex releases which of the following? A. Corticosteroids B. Mineralosteroids C. Androgens D. All of these

D. All of these

Tetraiodothyronine describes which of the following compounds? A. T4 (thyroxine) B. T3 C. MIT D. Reverse T3

A. T4 (Thyroxine)

Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone? Selected Answer: A. Thyrocalcitonin B. Serotonin C. Glucagon D. ACTH

D. ACTH

Acromegaly is associated with: A. Growth hormone deficiency B. Growth hormone excess C. Hypercorticolism D. Hyperprolactinemia

B. Growth hormone excess

All of the following proteins transport thyroid hormones EXCEPT: A. Thyroxin binding globulin B. Gamma globulin C. Albumin D. Thyroxine binding pre albumin

B. Gamma globulin

Which statement below about patients with Addison's disease is true? A. Serum levels of ACTH are high B. Serum levels of cortisol high C. Adrenal glands produce excessive amount of testosterone D. It is not a disease of the adrenal glands

A. Serum levels of ACTH are high

Which of the following does NOT release steroid hormones? A. Ovaries B. Pituitary gland C. Testes D. Adrenal cortex

B. Pituitary gland

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are hormones that are released by the: A. Hypothalamus B. Anterior Pituitary. C. Posterior Pituitary D. Left cardiac ventricle

C. Posterior Pituitary

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by which of the following? A. Excess secretion of pituitary ACTH B. Adrenal insufficiency C. Corticosteroid excess (blood) D. Low plasma levels of cortisol

C. Corticosteroid excess (in blood)

Pheochromocytoma is a benign or malignant tumor arising from which of the following? A. Bile caniculi B. Trophoblastic cells C. Neurochromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla D. Follicular cells of the thyroid

C. Neurochromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla

What would the expected serum cortisol level be after a dexamethasone suppression test was performed on a patient with Cushing's disease? A. Above normal B. Below normal C. Normal D. No change

A. Above normal

Which of the following pituitary hormones regulates renal free water excretion to maintain homeostasis? A. oxytocin B. antidiuretic hormone (ADH) C. glucagon D. cortisol

B. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which of the following classes of compounds are derived from tyrosine and includes epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine? A. Steroids B. Androgens C. Catecholamines D. Estrogens

C. Catecholamines

Free thyroxine assays measure which of the following? A. Total thyroxine levels B. Only the bound thyroxine level C. only the unbound thyroxine level D. the sum of the bound and unbound thyroxine

C. Only the unbound thyroxine level

Pituitary secretion of ACTH is inhibited by elevated levels of: A. Aldosteron B. Cortisol C. Estradiol D. Progesteron

C. Cortisol

TSH is secreted by which of the following? A. Anterior Pituitary B. Posterior Pituitary C. Hypothalamus D. Thyroid gland

A. Anterior Pituitary

The principle method used to measure hormone levels in blood in most clinical laboratories is: A. Gas chromatography B. Thin later chromatography C. Electrophoresis D. Immunoassays

D. Immunoassays

Which of the following is NOT a metabolite of catecholamines? A.Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) B. Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) C. Homovanillic Acid (HVA) D. Monoiodothyronine

D. Monoiodothyronine

Where in the human body are the adrenal glands located?

C. On top of the kidneys

Which of the following would be classified as prehepatic jaundice?

Congestive heart failure

The 2 most significant sources of error in accurate ammonia determinations are sample handling and?

Ammonia contamination in the laboratory

Hepatitis E likely to cause serious consequences in?

pregnant women

An increase of _____ occurs in liver failure

ammonia

All of the following are the preferred for proper specimen collection and storage for bilirubin except?

plasma preferred

Almost all proteins are synthesized in the liver except?

antibodies and fetal proteins

Secretion of LH and FSH from the pituitary gland in males normally is suppressed by: A. Estrogen B. Cortisol C. Prostate-specific antigen D. Testosterone

Testosterone

The major difference between male and female sex hormone production is that: A. Estrogen is not produced in the male B. Sex hormone production in the male is relatively constant C. LH has no apparent action in the male D. In the male, GnRH does not cause the release of FSH

B. Sex hormone production in the male is relatively constant

In males, pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) A. Stimulates ejaculation of semen. B. Induces Sertoli cells to produce sperm. C. Has no know reproductive function. D. Induces Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone.

D. Induces Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone.

Which set of results is most likely in a female with hypogonadotropic ovarian failure? a. Decreased LH, FSH, and estrogen b. Increased LH, FSH, and decreased estrogen c. Increased LH, FSH, and estrogen d. Decreased prolactin and estrogen

a. Decreased LH, FSH, and estrogen

Which hormone is responsible for an increase in body temperature at the time of ovulation? a. LH b. Estradiol c. Estrogen d. Progesterone

progesterone

Which of the following target tissues is incapable of producing steroidal hormone? a. Testis b. Ovary c. Adrenal medulla d. Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla

A midcycle LH surge will stimulate which of the following events: a. a decrease in FHS b. a decrease in progesterone production c. an increase in fsh d. anovulation

a. a decrease in FHS

A 30-year-old female with newly diagnosed polycystic ovarian syndrome is being counseled by her OB-GYN. The physician indicates that this condition often results in: a. pelvic inflammatory disease b. ovarian cancer c. infertility d. early menopause

Infertility

The hormonal changes associated with menopause increase the risk for: a. lung cancer b. osteoporosis c. thyroid disease d. diabetes

osteroporosis

During the menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs after: a. a sharp rise in LH b. the release of activin c. a surge in progesterone d. the gradual decrease in estrogen levels

a. a sharp rise in LH

Which set of result is most likely in an adult with primary testicular failure? a. Decreased LH, FSH, and testosterone b. Increased adrostenedione, decreased testosterone, and normal FSH c. Increased LH, FSH, and decreased testosterone d. Decreased testosterone, adrostenedione, and FSH

c. Increased LH, FSH, and decreased testosterone

Which test best correlates with the severity of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)? a. Urinary estriol b. Rh antibody titer of the mother c. Amniotic fluid bilirubin d. Lecithin/Spingomyelin (L/S) ratio

c. Amniotic fluid bilirubin

During pregnancy, the form of estrogen measured in urine is mostly: a. Estradiol b. Estriol c. Estrone d. Pregnanediol

Estriol

What is the function of the hormone hCG ? a. It signals the corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone to maintain the pregnancy b. It inhibits the production of estrogen and progestone by the ovary c. It stimulates the production of FSH by the pituitary d. It cause the uterine lining to slough or shed to maintain pregnancy e. It increases to high levels near birth, helping initiate the birth process

a. It signals the corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone to maintain the pregnancy

During pregnancy, estriol is synthesized in the placenta from ________________ formed in the ________________. a. estradiol, mother b. estradiol, fetus c. 16α-hydroxy-DHEA-S, mother d. 16α-hydroxy-DHEA-S, fetus

d. 16α-hydroxy-DHEA-S, fetus

Which of the following is the most potent androgen? a. androstenedione b. dehydroepiandrosterone c. androsterone d. testosterone

d. testosterone

Which of the following compounds is not a precursor of estrogen? a. progesterone b. testosterone c. cholesterol d. aldosterone

d. aldosterone

Regarding catecholamines, the amino acid from which dopamine is synthesized? A Threonine B Tryptophan C Tyrosine D Cytosine

Tyrosine

In the sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system, norepinephrine acts to: a.​increase heart rate and blood pressure. b.​induce hypotension. c.​dilate the peripheral blood vessels. d.​increase the release of serotonin from the brain.

a.​increase heart rate and blood pressure.

The use of tricycle antidepressants by an individual may produce incorrect results in the measurement of norepinephrine and normetanephrine during testing for pheochromocytoma. How will results be affected and why? a.​The results will be falsely elevated because of inhibition of monoamine reuptake. b.​The results will be falsely decreased because of increased synthesis of monoamine oxidase. c.​The results will be falsely elevated because these drugs increase synthesis of dopamine. d.​The results will be falsely decreased because these drugs inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase.

a.​The results will be falsely elevated because of inhibition of monoamine reuptake.

Which one of the following statements concerning folic acid is correct? a.​Folic acid is a component of coenzyme A and is required for fat metabolism. b.​Folic acid acts as a hormone in calcium regulation. c.​Folic acid deficiency results in megaloblastic anemia. d.​One form of folic acid is referred to as pyridoxal phosphate.

c.​Folic acid deficiency results in megaloblastic anemia.

Absorption of vitamin B12 requires the presence of: a.​intrinsic factor. b.​vitamin C. c.​insulin. d.​folic acid.

a.​intrinsic factor.

Which one of the following vitamins would be least affected by long periods of fat malabsorption? a.​A b.​E c.​D d.​C

d. vitamin C

72) What is the common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency? a.​Hyperkeratosis b.​Scurvy c.​Pernicious anemia d.​Rickets

c.​Pernicious anemia

Activity of which one of the following enzymes might be markedly affected by a deficiency of zinc? a.Creatinine kinase b.Cholinesterase c.Alkaline phosphatase d.Gamma glutamyl-transferase

c.Alkaline phosphatase

The parent substance of all steroid hormones is:

Cholesterol

The definitive diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency requires demonstration of: A. Decreased urinary 17-keto- and 17-hydroxysteroids B. Decreased cortisol production C. Impaired response to ACTH stimulation D. Increased urinary cortisol excretion after metyrapone (inhibitor) treatmen

C. Impaired response to ACTH stimulation

An example of ectopic hormone production would be: A. Prolactin production by pituitary tumors B. Corticotropin releasing hormone from hypothalamus C. Growth hormone production by lung tumors D. Growth hormone production by pituitary tumors

C. Growth hormone production by lung tumors

Pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is inhibited by elevated levels of: A. Aldosterone B. Cortisol C. Estradiol-17b D. Progesterone E. Epinephrine

B. Cortisol

Bilirubin is reduced to …………. in the small intestine. A. Urobilin B. Porphobilinogen C. Urobilinogen D. Biliverdin None of the above

C. Urobilinogen

Normally secretion of growth hormone is suppressed by all of the following except: A. IGF-I B. Hypoglycemia C. Somatostatin D. Growth hormone

B. Hypoglycemia