Apush - Period 6 Chapter 18 Vocab

Reservation System

established boundaries for the territory of each tribe and attempted to separate the Indians into two great “colonies” to the north and south of a corridor of intended white settlement.

Dawes Severalty Act

authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.

Homestead Act 1862

encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land.

Sodbusters

farmers in the Great Plains were called this because they had to break through the sod to plant crops.

Frontier Thesis

the argument advanced by historian Frederick Jackson Turner in 1893 that American democracy was formed by the American frontier. He stressed the process—the moving frontier line—and the impact it had on pioneers going through the process.

Ghost Dance

sacred ceremonies the Indians performed to try and remove whites from their territories and bring back the buffalo

Omaha Act of 1882

a law that allowed the establishment of individual title to tribal lands

William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody

famed buffalo hunter who created an entertainment system similar to a circus and featuring sharpshooters and various Native Americans and cowboys

Forest Reserve Act of 1891

a law that gave the president power to establish forest reserves to protect watersheds against the threats posed by lumbering, overgrazing, and forest fires

Sand Creek Massacre

the near annihilation in 1864 of Black Kettle's Cheyenne band by Colorado troops

Great Sioux War

the war waged by Red Cloud against the US Army that required the US to abandon its forts

Hispanic-American Alliance

the organization forced to protect and fight for the rights of Spanish Americas

Edmunds Act

the law that took away the vote from those who practiced polygamy

Annie Oakley

the sharpshooter known as "Little Sure Shot"

Helen Hunt Jackson

one of the most influential reformers for Indian Policy

Yosemite Act

the law that placed California giant sequoias under the management of the state of California

John Deere

the inventor of the "singing plow" which easily turned prairie grasses under

Vaqueros

the Spanish word for cowboy

Barbed wire

the new technology of the time that helped contribute to the Range Wars and later the cattle bust

Buffalo Soldier

the nickname given to the Black Cavalry by Native American tribes who fought in the Indian Wars

Nat Love

the former slave turned legendary cowboy whose life and experiences were written about in dime novels

Brigham Young

the new prophet of the Mormon Church

Chief Joseph

the leader of the Nez Perce Nation

Treaty of Fort Laramie

acknowledged US defeat in the Great Sioux War in 1868, supposedly guaranteeing the Sioux perpetual land and hunting rights in SD, WY, & MT

National Reclamation Act

1902 act that added 1 million acres of irrigated land to the US