[MICRO20] Lec 8: Principles of Laboratory Diagnosis and Specimen Collection (Flashcards)

Specimen collection

The most prevalent reason for failing to establish an etiologic diagnosis, or worse, of suggesting a false diagnosis, is failure at the level of ___.

Stain

What is used to visualize the specimen better?

Electron microscopy

What is the useful tool when viruses are too small to be seen under a traditional microscope?

API biochemical testing

___ a standardized miniaturized version of existing identification techniques.

Neutralization, Opsonization, Complement activation

There are effector functions when antibodies bind to the antigens, including: ___, ___, and ____.

Complement Fixation Assay

___ is a diagnostic test for serum (the fluid, non-cellular part of blood) antibodies to MAP, produced in response to infection. The technique, also used for diagnosis of other infectious diseases, requires that the antibodies bind to antigens and then bind (fix) complement.

False

True or False: Cytopathic effects will be observed if there is a presence of neutralizing antibodies.

Direct ELISA

A ___ is a plate-based immunosorbent assay intended for the detection and quantification of a specific analyte (e.g. antigens, antibodies, proteins, hormones, peptides, etc.) from within a complex biological sample.

Nucleic Acid-Based Assays

___ detect organism-specific DNA or RNA sequences extracted from the microorganism. These are generally specific and highly sensitive and can be used for all categories of microbes.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

What is the cytogenetic method created in the first decade of the 1980s? It targets particular chromosomal regions within the nucleus with fluorescent DNA probes, producing colorful signals that may be seen under a fluorescence microscope.