PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

academically seeking solutions to a practical problem., whether its social, political, developmental, applied, etc.

practical research

it is mainly based and bounded by numbers or statistics. testing theories, hypothesis

quantitative research

researchers selected population considered as test-takes or interviewees.

participants/respondents

a systematic process used by a researcher.

Methodology

the studied concepts or the problem.

variables

a set of accepted beliefs or organized principles that explain and guide analysis.

theories

they stated that quantitative research is a systematic scientific investigation of data.

Price and Oswald(2008)

it is factual and based on data driven information from specific measurement instruments rather than perceptions.

Frankfort-nachmias and Nachmias(2008)

he stated that a design that poses several hypothesis to analyze the cause and effect of specific variables in order to predict and explain certain phenenomenon.

Creswell(2009)

what are the two variables.

dependent variable and independent varaible

a title must contain the three:

- must contain the two variable, - must contain participants and respondent, - location

what theory and by whom stated that every knowledge in the world can be acquire by our senses.

empiricism by John Locke

research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.

Empirical

research is based on valid procedures and principles.

Logical

research utilizes proven analytical porcedures.

Analytical

research is conducted in a methodical procedures.

Methodical

research exhibits careful and precise judgement.

Critical

the research designs and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.

Replicability

fundamental research(looking for essentials). basic information to know to exelate.

Basic research

contains larger or wide parameter and creates scientific problems for a scientific solutions. this is only selected.

Applied research

it develops something but a wider parameter and the parameter is not selected. it also develops and old practice.

Developmental

can be considered as basic research and it only will happen inside the library.

Library research

can be considered as applied research and it needs participants.

Laboratory research

can be characterised as developmental research and it needs outside people.

Field research

needs a causal relationship (cause and effect)

Variable

it can stand on its own and it is a manipulated varible.

Independent variable

you need to observe and it never come out on its own.

Dependent variable

Variables. properties or characteristics of people or things vary in quality.

Miller and Nicholson (1976)

basic/personal information.

Demographic characteristics

Behavior

Personality traits

the answer to your variable

Nominal

uses orders (likert scale).

Ordinal

average.

Interval

truthful and factual

Honesty

avoid biased interpreting data.

Objectivity

act with sincerity.

Integrity

carefully critically analyze the data.

Carefulness

need to open to accept criticism from experts.

Openness

don't disclose personal information because we preserve confidentiality and they have the right to control what they say and publish.

respectful for intellectual property

preserve.

Confidentially

secure letter, also validity or experts, preserve legality.

responsible publication

never disrespect colleagues, be a responsible mentor and mentoring and helping teammates.

Responsible mentoring

respect.

Respect the colleague

protect study.

Social responsibility

provide protection human and animal.

Animal care and human safety

help solve the problem.

Competence

be careful upon choosing words in writing paper.

Non-discrimination

state the ethics or research.

Honesty Objectivity Integrity Carefulness Openness Respectful for intellectual property Confidentiality Responsible publication Responsible mentoring Respect for colleagues Social responsibility competence Animal care and human safety Non-discrimination

what are the units of analysis?

Nominal Ordinal Interval

What are the types of research?

Basic research Applied research Developmental research Library research Laboratory research Field research

what are the characteristics or research

Empirical Logical Analytical Methodical Critical Replicability

what is the deference of quantitative research and qualitative research?

quantitate research is objective while qualitative research is subjective.