World History Ch 9-11

It commanded key trade routes linking Europe and Asia

True about Constantinople

his "Body of Civil Law"

Justinian's most important achievement was probably

A Byzantine Emperor banned religious icons

What issue was the cause of bitter battle between eastern and western Christianity?

Venetian merchants gained control of Byzantine trade

What helped cause the decline of the Byzantine empire?

Black Sea

Constantinople was in a key location on the strait that links the Mediterranean with?

Built the strongest military force in the world

Under the rule of Justinian, the Byzantine empire...

Eastern Orthodox Church

After the Great Schism the Byzantine Church became known as the ?

history

Byzantine Scholars produced many notable books especially in the field of?

the southern steppe

What region of medieval Russia was a great highway for nomadic migration?

Russian rulers continued the Mongols' use of absolute power

True about Mongol Rule of medieval Russia

sought to limit the power of landowning nobles

Ivan the Great?

through rivers running from north to south

Medieval Russian traders most often reached the Byzantine world in what way?

Slavs and Vikings

The development of Kiev and its culture was the result of blended cultures of what two peoples?

the farming region of Ukraine

Russia's first civilization began in?

They cut Russia off from contacts with Western Europe

What was the effect of Mongol rule over medieval Russia?

defeating the Golden Horde at the Battle of Kulikovo

In 1380, the Russian princes of Moscow took control from the Mongols by?

issued laws that tied Russian serfs to the land

Tsar Ivan the Terrible of Russia?

Golden Horde

Mongol armies who ruled much of medieval Russia were known as?

Steppe

The open, treeless grassland of southern Russia?

Ivan the Great

A Tsar who brought much of northern Russian under his rule?

Ivan the Terrible

A Tsar who left Russia seething with rebellion at the time of his death?

Kiev

The center of the first Russian state?

The central government was weak due to the "free veto"

Why did Poland-Lithuania weaken in the late 1600's?

Roman Catholicism

In the 900's West Slavs of Poland were influenced by missionaries spreading?

Hungary

Magyars who raided Europe from the Asian Steppes eventually settled in?

Danube and Vistula

In medieval Eastern Europe, goods and cultural influences traveled along the?

It made it difficult for the government to take decisive action

What effect did the "free veto" have on the government of Poland-Lithuania?

They adopted Roman Catholicism and ruled the kingdom

What lasting impact did the Magyars have on the kingdom of Hungary?

Balkan Peninsula

An area of southeastern Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea?

Golden Bull of 1222

A document that limited the power of Magyar rulers?

Roman Catholicism

In the 900s, the West Slavs of Poland were influenced by missionaries spreading

Justinian had both political and spiritual power

The rule of the Byzantine emperor Justinian differed from the rule of monarchs in Western Europe in that

They cut Russia off from contacts with Western Europe

What was an effect of Mongol rule over medieval Russia?

defeating the Golden Horde at the Battle of Kulikovo

In 1380, the Russian princes of Moscow took control from the Mongols

Slavs and Vikings

The development of Kiev and its culture was the result of the blended cultures of what two peoples?

his religion would disrupt their pilgrim trade

Merchants in Mecca were hostile to Muhammad because they thought

Each Muslim should make a pilgrimage to Mecca

Which of the following is a key belief, or duty, of Islam?

heard the voice of the angel Gabriel calling him

According to Muslim belief, Muhammad became the prophet of Islam after he

Quran

Muslims believe the sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad is contained in the

rededicated the Kaaba to Allah.

Mecca became the holiest city in Islam because that is where Muhammad

Sharia

Islamic system of law?

Quran

Sacred text of Islam?

Sufis

Muslim mystics who sought communion with God through rituals such as meditation and fasting were known as

imposed a special tax on non-Muslims

When Muslims conquered a new land, they often

Shiites are followers of Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali

How do the beliefs of Shiite and Sunni Muslims differ?

The Byzantine and Persian empires were weak.

What helped the Umayyad caliphs to expand their empire?

had developed a luxurious lifestyle

By the 8th century, many Muslims criticized Umayyad Caliphs because the Caliphs had developed what?

Caliph

successor to Muhammad as political and religious leader of the Muslims

Minaret

slender tower of a mosque, from which Muslims are called to prayer

Handicraft manufacturing was typically organized by guilds.

Which of the following is generally true about the economies of Muslim Cultures..

The Thousand and One Nights

Arab writers gathered and adapted stories from their own and other cultures in the collection entitled

the demand for products made by Muslim artisans

Between 750 and 1350, what helped a prosperous system of international trade to develop in the Muslim world?

They did not portray human figures in religious art

What was true about paintings by Muslim artists?

He compiled a huge encyclopedia of medical knowledge

How did the famous Persian physician Ibn Sina Avicenna improve the practice of medicine?

Calligraphy

The art of beautiful handwriting is called?

Firdawsi

Who wrote the history of Persia entitled - Book of Kings?

Rejection of caste system

Which of the following beliefs and practices are shared by both Sikhs and Muslims

trade increased in the Sahara

What happened when camels were brought from Asia to Africa?

iron/iron ore

Meroe's success as the capital of Nubia was the ability of its people to make tools out of?

Arabic

After Muslims conquered cities of North Africa the dominant language became?

studying language patterns

Scholars have been able to trace the Bantu migrations by?

desertification

Why did Neolithic people of North Africa migrate to the south?

Egypt

The Kingdom of Nubia was influenced by the culture and traditions from the civilization of _______.

savanna

A large grass plain is called a ?

Nubia

Ancient African kingdom on the upper Nile River?

cataract

A waterfall area ?

Ghana

Tolls collected from the flow of gold and salt helped build this kingdom?

Mansa Musa

One result of this man's hajj was to start an Islamic University in Timbuktu?

cast bronze and brass

People from Ife may have taught the people of Benin to?

Salt was scarce in West Africa. People needed it to replace salt lost in their diets due to perspiration especially in hot climates and to preserve food.

Why did West African Merchants pay a high price for salt?

gold

Ghana was aided greatly because of having a lot of ?

Ghana

The capital of this place was made up of two walled towns?

brought key trade routes under his control

What did Sonni Ali do to make the empire of Songhai's stronger.

Benin

Trade in slaves, ivory, and pepper helped to build this rainforest kingdom?

Hausa

Women were among the rulers of this West African city-state?

surplus

More than what is needed could be called having a ?

Songhai

Wealthy West African Kingdom which grew around the trading center of Gao?

Sundiata

Who started the Kingdom of Mali?

descendants from the isralite king solomon and queen of Sheba

The Glory of Kings said that ancestors of the Kings of Ethiopia were?

that Africa had traded with China and India

Remains of Chinese porcelain found in Africa suggests?

exports and trade

The economic success of Great Zimbabwe was helped by?

Geez

African and Jewish traditions merged in Axum with a language called?

solid rock carved from mountains

King Lalibela's houses of worship were made of ?

populations have grown too great and civil war/dwindling trade

Many experts say the empire of the Great Zimbabwe declined because of?

King Lalibela

Who directed that churches be carved out of solid rock in Ethiopia?

Swahili

This language developed in East Africa, its name meant "of the coast"?

A group of electors and once the king was elected they had to govern according to traditional laws.

The King of the Kongo was chosen by ?

brothers and sisters

Matrilineal societies formed strong ties between who ?

Shared power among several people

Unlike larger kingdoms, the governments of smaller medieval African societies often?

Lineage

A group of households with a common ancestor ?

Nuclear Family

Parents and children living together as a unit?