Pharmacology 11-15

Advair diskus contains

C. fluticasone and salmeterol

Decongestants should be avoided with patients that have all the following conditions, except

hypertension

For which of the following drugs should the patient be advised not to swallow the capsules

ipatropium

If a patient is ordered to inhale 2 puffs of an MDI, how long should they wait before inhaling the second puff if they are not experiencing an asthma exacerbation?

A. approximately 1 minute

Once formoterol is removed from the refrigerator, it may be used for _____ assuming that the manufacturer's expiration is not an earlier date.

3 months

Surfactants for respiratory distress syndrome are administered via which of the following routes of administration?

intracheal

Tiotropium is an example of an _______ drug used in the treatment of COPD.

anticholinergic

Tussionex is a combination drug with chlorpheniramine and which of the following drugs?

hydrocodone

When short-acting beta agonists and inhaled corticosteroids are not adequately controlling breathing symptoms, a physician prescribes Singulair, which is an

C. leukotriene inhibitor

which of the following antihistamines also has antitussive properties?

c. chlorpheniramine

Which of the following antitussive medications has a boxed warning about respiratory depression and death in children who receive it after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy?

A. codeine

which of the following classes of drugs enables the patient to rid the lungs and airway of mucus when coughing and decreases the thickness and viscosity of mucus?

d. expectorants

which of the following classes of drugs stimulates the alpha-adrenergic receptors of the vascular smooth muscle, constricting the dilated arteriolar network within the nasal mucosa?

b.decongestants

Which of the following corticosteroids contains lactose and should not be used in those patients with a hypersensitivity to milk proteins or lactose?

mometasone

which of the following drug classes protect cell membrane from rupturing and causes less histamine and fewer leukotrienes and prostaglandins to be released into airway tissue?

c. mast cell stabilizers

which of the following drugs is the most commonly used OTC expectorant?

Mucinex

which of the following is a decongestants available as a table, injection, eye drop, and nasal spray?

d. phenylephrine

which of the following is a group of chronic lung disease that are irreversible, progressive conditions in which airflow is limited by an abnormal inflammatory response?

B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

What is the common name of a group of plants whose seeds yield fiber?

psyllium

which of the following antidiarrheal products has a dispensing status of OTC?

c. loperamide

which of the following antiemetics is avilabl as a transdermal patch marketed for motion sickness?

ondanserton

which of the following does not increase the risk of GERD?

dairy products

which of the following drug classes must be taken daily, rather than as needed, for the treatment of GERD?

proton pump inhibitors

which of the following drug classes used to treat GERD may lead to malabsorption of dietary vitamin B12 with prolonged treatment?

b. antihistamines (H-2 histamine receptor antagonists)

which of the following drug classifications do not typically cause constipation?

antibiotics

which of the following drugs adheres to proteins at he ulcer site, forming a protective coat or shield over the ulcer that resists degradation by gastric acid, pepsin, and bile salts?

D. sucralfate

which of the following antiemetic drugs has a dispensing status of OTC?

diphenhydramine

which of the following drugs is an antacid?

d. calcium carbonate

which of the following drugs is an antihistamine (H-2 receptor antagonist ) used to treat GERD?

Famotidine

which of the following is considered to be a hazardous agent and should be handled and disposed of appropriately?

b. misoprostol

which of the following drugs is used to treat a tear or fissure in the rectal canal?

b. nitroglycerin

which of the following is a bulk- forming laxative?

b. methylcellulose

which of the following is a serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonists used to prevent and treat severe nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapeutic medications, radiation treatments, or anesthesia?

a. ondansetron

which of the following is a surfactant used to treat constipation?

b. docusate

which of the following is a tablet indicated for bowel preparation prior to a colonoscopy?

b. sodium phosphate

which of the following is added to diphenoxylate to discourage abuse?

d. atropine

which of the following is an alkaline fluid produced by the liver that aids in the digestion and absorption of fat and cholesterol from the small intestine?

a. bile

which of the following is an alternative therapy for nausea and vomiting?

b. ginger

A physician may write the words "dispense as written" on a prescription for thyroid hormone medications because

a. the therapeutic window is very narrow with the potential for only slight variances in bioavailability or dosing parameters to have noticeable clinical changes

Addison's disease is an

a. deficiency of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids

appropriate uses of thyroid replacement drugs, such as synthroid,

b. treatment of hyperthyroidism

Approximately one-third patients who had gestational diabetes may develop _____ in 5 to 10 years

type 2 diabetes

congenital hypothyroidism may arise in children and is often caused by ____ during pregnancy.

A. deficiency in iodine

corticosteroids are available in all the following dosage dorms except

a transdermal patch

drugs that end with the suffix-glinide are used to treat which of the following conditions?

diabetes

liothyronine is available in a tablet and which of the following dosage forms?

injection

Medications with the suffix- gliflozin are classified as

a. sodium-glucose linked transporter- 2 inhibitors

Metformin increases ____ sensitivity in muscle and other body tissues.

insulin

patients on propylthiouracil therapy must monitor which of the following organ functions, per the boxed warning?

d. liver

patients with untreated diabetes are at risk of all the following except

a. cancer

patients with ____ should not take cinnamon due to the potential of exacerbating their condition

C. liver disease

secondary disease is caused by

medications

steroid production follows which schedule?

a. circadian rhythm

The hypothalamus produces ___ which stimulates the pituitary gland to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

thyroid stimulating hormone

The Medrol Dosepak contains twenty-one 4mg tablets. which of the following is true of the drug therapy?

he dose increases each day

the strength of levothyroxine is typically prescribed in

micrograms

thiazolidinediones are contraindicated for all the following patients, except those

suffering with infertility

trijardy xr includes all the following medications except

a. rosiglitazone

all the following medication are required to bestore in the refrigerator prior to dispensing except

carospir

alprostadil is second-line therapy for which condition?

erectile dysfunction

Antiemetic medication can be given prior to an emergency contraceptive drug to reduce which of the following side effects?

nausea

caverject is administered as an injection into which of the following locations for erectile dysfunction?

d. corpora cavernosa

combination oral contraceptives do not come in which of the following formulas?

a. quadphasic

conjugated estrogens are sourced from urine of pregnant

d. mares (horses)

Erectile dysfunction drugs are dispensed in all the following dosage forms except

b. inhalation

Estradiol/norethindrone (Activella) is indicated for all the following except

contraception

Estrogen is not used for which of the following conditions?

osteoporosis

Feminizing hormone therapy places patients at an increased risk of

c. venous thrombeombolism

Hormonal contraceptives products work via the mechanism of

b. preventing ovulation

How often should an etonogestrel implant placed under the skin on the inner, upper arm be replaced?

d. every three years

Medroxyprogesterone is an intramuscular injection given in the deltoid or gluteus maximus, at which of the following intervals

once every 3 months

Patients taking spironolactone have an increased risk of which of the following?

liver disease

PDE -5 inhibitors are contraindicated inpatients who take nitrates or

alpha-blockers

PDE-5 inhibitors typically end in which suffix?

d afil

Pregnancy tests detect the presence of ____ in

a. Human chorionic gonadotropin

The vaginal ring contraceptives is inserted into the vagina where it is left in place for which of the following periods of time

3 weeks

to verify approved drug products with therapeutic equivalence evaluations, which reference would be the most appropriate

orange book

which classification of drugs are used to slow labor?

tocolytic agent

Which medication is prescribed when sildenafil proves to be ineffective?

D. levitra

which medication may be prescribed for a patient considered to have heavy menstrual cycles and cramping

lysteda

acute renal failure is not caused by which of the following?

depression

acute renal failure is not caused by which of the following?

sulfonamides

Erythropoietin-stimulating agents are used to stimulate red blood cell production by inducing the release of

a. reticulocytes

Hematocrit is a lab test used to determine?

b. the proportion of red blood cells present in a sample

in which part of the urine production process are substances selectively pulled back into the blood?

reabsorption

loop diuretics is used to frequently treat

edema

of those listed below, which iron replacement therapy is the safest option?

d. sodium ferric gluconate

patients taking anticholinergics commonly experience which of the following side effects?

dry mouth

patients taking which of the following classifications of drugs should take special precautions to minimize exposure to infection?

c. immunosuppresants

People who are or may become pregnant should avoid contact with semen from a person who

d. is exposed to 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

The Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, artery, vein, capillary, loop of henle, and collecting duct make up the anatomy of the

nephron

The brand name for ____ was designed to indicated its approximate 6-hour duration of action.

Furosemide

Thiazide diuretics and potassium-sparing diuretics to be used for treating.

b. hypertension

urinary tract infections are mostly commonly caused by

E.coli

Urine formation is essential for normal body function because it enables the blood to reabsorb which of the following?

electrolytes

what is a common first-dose effect experienced by patients taking alpha- blockers

fainting

What is a common suffix for the generic names of alpha-blockers?

-osin

what is the appropriate medical term for the process of urination?

nocturia

When the ___ are not functioning correctly, the proper balance of reabsorption and secretion is not maintained; resulting in toxins build up in the blood and begin to poison the body.

d. kidneys