Hispanic Heritage Month 2022

When is Hispanic Heritage Month celebrated?

sep 15- oct 15

where is hispanic heritage month celebrated

United States

what do we recognize about hispanic heritage month in the U.S

we recognize the contributions and impact the Hispanic Americans have on our history and culture here in the United States.

what is hispanic heritage month a celebration of

culture

who were the first people to be on the island and what did they name it

the first people were the Tainos and they named it "Boriquen"

what does Boriquen mean

land of the brave lord

what did christopher columbus name it when he came

Boriquén San Juan de Bautista

who is Boriquén San Juan de Bautista named after

saint john the baptist

what did the island become a center for shortly after Christopher Columbus arrived?

a center for trade and explorers

what is the capital of Puerto Rico

san juan

1.what do the red stripes on the flag stand for 2.what do the white stripes stand for 3.what does the blue triangle stand for 4.what does the white star symbolize

1.blood from the warriors 2.peace and victory from gaining independence 3.sky and sea 4.the island

what currency is used in puerto rico

US dollar

what is the official language of puerto rico

Spanish and English

what is the main religion in puerto rico

Roman Catholicism

climate of puerto rico

tropical climate (warm all year)

when is hurricane season in puerto rico

June to November

what landform is puerto rico

archipelago

what is an archipelago

an island with smaller ones around it

what of the tainos is ingraved in puerto ricos history?

their language and culture

where did the tainos most likely come from

south america

when did they arrive to puerto rico

they arrived by boat between 600 AD and 1000 AD

Boriqua

it is derived from the island previous name and can be used for someone from puerto rico or pureto rican descent

what kind of word is jibaro?

taino

what does jibaro translate to

men of the forest

what is it used for

a word used for farmers

what is jibaro sometimes interchangeable with?

campesinos

what influence did christopher columbus have on puerto rico?

-he changed its name( Boriquen San Juan de Bautista) -he claimed the island and led to its colonization -brought catholicisim

who was Juan Ponce de Leon

1. he led the first group of colonists from Spain to Puerto Rico 2.first Spanish governor of San Juan Bautista

what does La Fortaleza mean?

a fortress

what was it constructed for?

to protect the capital from raids and enemies

what is it used for today?

the governors house

where is Iglesia de San José located?

Old San Juan

what is significant about Iglesia de San José?

it is the first architecture constructed permanently on Puerto Rico

how old is Iglesia de San José?

it is the 2nd oldest church in the Americas

whos crypt is in this church

juan ponce de leon remains were there

what is another word that means old for old san juan

viejo

what is the oldest settlement in puerto rico

old san juan

what kind of district is old san juan

a histroical colonial district in the city of san juan

what is san juan a hub for

it is a cultural hub for puerto rico and one of the most commonly visited place in the Caribbean

why is it a historical district?

it is a historic district because it holds the houses that make it historic(la fortaleza is located here)

how long did el morro take to complete?

more than 200 years

what is el morros full name?

Fort San Felipe del Morro(after saint Phillip)

why was ell morro constructed?

to protect San Juan from attackers, especially Spains enemies

el morro is the first land mass with what?

fresh water coming from Europe

when did the construction for el morro begin?

1539

how old is el morro?

over 500 years old

who helped the spainards build it?

african slaves

what did the US use el morro for

a military base in world war 1 and 2

what islands make up the greater Antilles?

Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Cayman islands

what one is the largest?

Cuba

what is important about Hispaniola?

island made up of 2 countries(Haiti and Dominican Republic)

who took puerto rico from the natives?

Spain took puerto rico from the natives in 1508

why was it useful to them

Spain was a central point for trade

what 3 other reasons was it useful?

1.gold 2.fertile soil due to tropical climate 3.first port with fresh water was also beneficial

what are 3 things Puerto Rico could grow that Spain could not grow?

tobacco, coffee, and sugar cane

what year was Puerto Rico able to govern themselves?

1897

what year did the U.S invade the land

1898

why were the conditions Puerto Ricans were up against under Spanish rule not ideal?

because of slavery, limited trade, and high taxes on land.

what did Spain permit with other countries and what was lowered?

trade with other countries under the Caribbean and lower taxes

what was NOT given up

land

when was slavery abolished in PR?

in 1873

who was the Spanish-American war fought between?

Spain and the United States

what year did it start

1898

how long did it last?

april to august

why did the U.S start this war?(2 reasons)

1.there was a US ship(USS Maine)in Havana harbor that was mysteriously bombed 2.America supported Cuba and Philippines fight for independence from Spain

what 3 things did the U.S get from their victory?

1.gave sovereignty over Guam, PR, and Philippines to the US 2. a peace treaty was formed to get Cuba to gain independence 3.the US annexed the independent state of hawaii

what was the name of the person who headed the government and took power in July 1898

Luis Munoz Rivera

how long after that did the US invade PR

just several days later

until what year did military rule last in PR?

1900

when did the U.S Congress approve the Treaty of Paris

on February 6, 1899, by a two-thirds margin

what happened the following day?

President McKinley signed the treaty, and the United States officially controlled Spain’s former colonies

what were Spain's former colonies

Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines

what did the Jones-Sharoth Act give puerto ricans?

citizenship to the US

how was government set up with the Jones-Sharoth Act?

similar to ours(3 branches)

what did the Jones-Sharoth Act give everyone?

civil rights

when was the Jones-Sharoth Act signed?

1917

it created local legislature between what 2 things?

their house of representatives and senate

are Puerto Ricans american citizens?

Yes

why are they american citizens?

because of the Jones-Sharoth Act

why do people think it was done at that time?

because of World War I and if we had more citizens we had more people fighting

What are two things that they do not do that other citizens do?

they do not vote for the president they do not pay federal taxes

Is Puerto Rico a State in the USA?

No it is not a U.S state. It has been a commonwealth since 1952.

How do many Puerto Ricans feel about PR’s connection to the US?

They have mixed feelings

what are their mixed feelings?

-some think the connection to the US improves their country’s economy -others feel Puerto Rico should be independent because they worry their Spanish culture will be lost and they want to have more control over what happens in their land

Do Puerto Ricans need a passport to come to the USA?

No they do not need a passport to come to the U.S

why don't Puerto Ricans need a passport to come to the USA ?

because it is a free commonwealth, they have citizenship, and they have United States passports

Do people from the US need a passport to go to PR?

No U.S people do not need a passport to go to Puerto Rico

why don't people from the US need a passport to go to PR?

because its a United States territory

what is El Yunque home to?

the home of a diverse ecosystem of plants and animals

what kind of word is Yunque

Taino word

what does yunque mean

white earth because the clouds cover the top of the mountains

it is the only what kind of rain forest in the US

only tropical rain forest in the US forest system

what is El coquí

it is a brown tree frog that is best known for the sound it makes

what kind of call do they make

a maiden call. it attracts a mate or keeps other males away. the boy ones make the sound

what did it unofficially become for Puerto Rico?

the unofficial mascot of Puerto Rico

what is Flamenco Beach ranked as?

ranked as one of the top beaches in the world

what island is it located on

it is on Culebra, not the "main island"

what color sand and water does it have

white sand and blue water

what is something about the waves?

it is practically waveless

what kind of banana is a plantain?

a green starchy banana

what is one way to prepare plantains?

tostones

how do you make tostoones?

cut in chunks, fried, smashed, and fried again

what is a style of cooking?

comida criolla

sofrito is a type of ________

puree

what kind of ingredients does sofrito have for its flavor

fresh ingredients

adobo is a type of what?

seasonings or like a powder

what is a Caldero

a big steel metal pot with lid

what is a caldero most likely used to cook

mostly used to cook ric

what is Lechón asado considered?

this is considered one of the most popular puerto rican holiday foods

how long does it take to cook

a really long time

what does asado mean

roasted

what whole animal is Lechón asado

a whole pig

what is it roasted over

its roasted over charcoal

a Pastelillos is shaped from what

shaped from a thin crust with crimped edges

how is it cooked

it is also fried

what is another way to prepare plantains

Mofongo

how are they cooked

fry or boiled

what is La llorona

a Hispanic-American mythical ghost who was banishes at the gates of heaven since she drowned them in the river

where is she said to roam

waterfront areas

what does La llorona translate to

weeping woman

what is a traditional dance and music style of Puerto Rico

bomba

what is a bomba

a traditional type of drum made out of a barrel

what is it a genre of

puerto rican dance

what is it accompanied by

drums

what is bomba the first of

the first native music in puerto rico

what does bomba represent

the cultural mix of puerto rico

what is a style of Latin American music

salsa

what does salsa mean

sauce

what is salsa?(what country)

cuban

where did salsa originate

cuba

but where did its worldwide popularity come form

new york

what does salsa have a lot of

brass