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Art History 1001 Exam #1

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68 Terms
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The period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans. It predates the Neolithic period.
A large stone used in some prehistoric architecture
sun-dried mud brick
an offering in accordance with a vow or prayer
A carved stone slab used to mark graves or to commemorate historical events.
massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown.
the Egyptian way of writing using symbols
An ancient Egyptian tomb with sloped sides and a flat roof. Has an underground burial chamber with rooms above it filled with offerings.
A statue of a human or gods spirit that survived with the soul
a pyramid consisting of several rectangular structures placed on top of one another
a roof made of stone slabs that progressively overlap to create a door opening
A temple with a circular plan. Also, the burial chamber of a tholos tomb.
the technique of painting on dry plaster with pigments mixed in water.
a square space between triglyphs in a Doric frieze.
top of a column
a method of casting metal by a process in which a wax mold covered with clay and fired, leaves a hollow form for metal molds to be made
Greek architectural order, simple and masculine. Metopes in frieze. Used on exterior of Parthenon
Greek architectural order, More feminine and delicate. Scrolls on the capitals Used on inner frieze of Parthenon
Greek architectural order. Acanthus leaves on capitals. Used most often by the Romans.
ornamental band on a wall
the triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture
The smile that appears on all Archaic Greek statues from about 570 to 480 BCE. The smile is the Archaic sculptor's way of indicating that the person portrayed is alive.
sculpture of human figure used as architectural support
An ancient Greek wide-mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water.
the marketplace in ancient Greece
A style of Greek sculpture where people are depicted standing and leaning so that the person's weight is being put on one side. People are depicted with their bodies curved like an "S"
The renowned Greek sculptor Polykleitos designed a sculptural work as a demonstration of his written treatise, entitled the "Kanon" (or Canon, translated as "measure" or "rule"), exemplifying what he considered to be the perfectly harmonious and balanced proportions of the human body in the sculpted form.
sculpture carvings that appear to cling to the body as if it was wet.
In ancient Greek mythology, the battle between gods and giants.
- Austria, 24,000 BCE - Made out of limestone - Symbol of fertility
- A hollow wooden box with cuneiform writing - Iraq, 2500 BCE - Sumerian - inlaid with a mosaic of shell, red limestone and lapis lazuli
- earliest surviving ancient Egyptian artwork - shows the unification of Egypt after a great war - Egypt, 3000 BCE
- Babylon, 1760 BCE - Babylonian - Where all of the laws were written
- The entrance gate into Babylon. It was built by Nebuchadnezzar. - Babylon, 600 BCE - lions, dragons, bulls
- Thebes, Egypt, 1350 BCE - represents the 18th dynasty pharoah - androgyny - crook and flail - resembles Osiris mummy statues
- Egypt, 1275 BCE - 19th dynasty new kingdom - Drawings and painting on papyrus scroll
- Marquis Yi, China, 450 BCE - In the late Bronze Age - rang different notes according to size - ritual and sacred music/use
- A group over 8000 clay soldiers with weapons, wagons, etc. built on Emperor Qin's order to guard his tomb in the afterlife. - China, 210 BCE
- Crete, 1600 BCE - Minoan, 16th century - open shafts that run the full height of a building, designed to bring light and fresh air into the interior of Minoan palaces and other large buildings
- Olmec, 800 BCE -high relief figure seated in a niche -motifs -likely to have expressed the idea of a cave to the underworld
- Architects of the Parthenon - Parthenon, Athens, 440 BCE - Athens, Greece
- 450 BCE - Classical period - Artist/Architect: Polykleitos - Pompeii, Italy - depicts human movement; Imposes Polykleitan style: to perfect human movement, harmonic proportions, cross balance - idealistic, detailed, perfect
- Samothrace, Greece, 200 BCE - Hellenistic period, baroque art - sculpted by Pythokritos of Rhodes