A&P Quiz 1

abdominal

region between the thorax and pelvis

acromial

point of shoulder

antebrachial

forearm

antecubital

space in front of the elbow

axillary

armpit

brachial

arm

buccal

cheek

calcaneal

heel

carpal

wrist

celiac

abdomen

cephalic

head

cervical

neck

costal

ribs

coxal

hip

crural

leg

cubital

elbow

digital

finger or toe

dorsal

back

femoral

thigh

frontal

forehead

genital

reproductive organs

gluteal

buttock

inguinal

the groin- the depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh

lumbar

the loin- the region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis

mammary

breast

mental

chin

nasal

nose

occipital

lower posterior region of the head

oral

mouth

orbital

bony eye socket

palmar

palm of the hand

patellar

front of the knee

pectoral

chest

pedal

foot

pelvic

pelvis

perineal

the perineum- the pelvic floor and associated structures occupying the pelvic outlet

plantar

sole of the foot

popliteal

area behind the knee

sacral

Posterior region between the hip bones

sternal

middle of the thorax, anteriorly

sural

calf of the leg

tarsl

ankle

umbilical

navel

vertebral

spinal column

Sagital plane

follows medial line and divides the body into 2 sides (L&R) Vertical Line

Coronal plane

crosses above your head like a crown and divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) Vertical Line

Transverse plane

like a trans-Atlantic flight it goes horizontally across your body dividing the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) segments

Anatomy

the study of the structured relationships between body parts WHAT IT IS

Physiology

the science of how those parts come together to function and keep the body alive WHAT IT DOES

Complementarity of Structure and Function

a principle that states what a structure CAN do depends of its specific FORM

Chemical

the smallest of elements, the atom then molecules

Cellular

the basic building blocks of all living things ranging in size and shape depending of their purpose

Smallest cell

Red blood cell

Largest cell

motor neurons

Tissues

the combination of multiple cells coming together as a unit to perform a specific funtion

Tissues examples

Nervous tissue, muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue

Organs

two or more tissues combine to form an organ that perform specific functions to keep the body running

Organ examples

Heart, lungs, brain

Organ systems

two or more organs combine to form an organ system

Organ system example

Heart + veins + arteries + capillaries = cardiovascular system

The body

highest level or organization, complete organism

Homeostasis

maintain stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are occuring outside the body

Death

the result of a lack of homeostasis

Classic anatomical position

anterior facing, hands facing anteriorly (forward)

Anterior-Ventral

front or direction toward the front of the body

Posterior- dorsal

the back or direction toward the back of the body

Superior- cranial

above, higher, toward the head of the body

Inferior- caudal

lower, away from the head of the body

Proximal

nearest to body center

Distal

furthest from body center

Midline

middle of the body

Medial

toward the middl/midline

Lateral

sides, away from the midline

Axial skeleon

in line with CENTER of the body head, neck, torso/trunk

Appendicular skeleton

arms and legs attached to the axial skeleton

right hypochondriac region

lover, gallbladder, right lung

epigastric region

liver, heart, transverse colon, stomach

left hypochondriac region

Left lung, stomach, pancreas, spleen

right lumbar (lateral) region

ascending colon, right kidney

umbilical region

small intestine, appendix

left lumbar (lateral) region

colon, left kidney

right iliac (inguinal) region

appendix, small intestine

hypogastric (pubic) region

reproductive organs

left iliac (inguinal) region

descending colon, small intestine

ventral cavity

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity, in the front

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

abdominopelvic cavity

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

cranial cavity

contains the brain

vertebral cavity

spine

dorsal cavity

includes the cranial and spinal cavities, in the back

Cardiology

heart and heart diseases

Cytology

abnormalities of cells

Dermatology

skin and its diseases

epidemiology

factors determining the distribution and frequency of health related conditions in a defined human population. (epidemics)

endocrinology

hormones, hormone secreting glands, and their diseases.

Gastroenterology

stomach and its intestines

Geriatrics

older individuals and their medical problems

Gerontology

study of the aging process

Genecology

female reproductive system

Hematology

blood and blood diseases

Histology

tissue

Immunology

body's resistance to infectious diseases

Neonatology

newborns

Nephrology

diseases of kidneys

Neurology

nervous system

Obstetrics

pregnancy and childbirth

Oncology

cancers

Ophthalmology

eye and eye diseases

orthopedics

muscular and skeletal systems

Otolaryngology

ear, throat, and larynx

Pathology

study of structural and functional changes that diseases causes

Pediatrics

children

Pharmacology

drugs and uses in the treatment of the disease

Podiatry

care and treatment of feet

Psychiatry

mind and its borders

Radiology

x-rays and radioactive substances and their use in the diagnosis of treatment

Toxicology

poisonous substances and their effects on body parts

Urology

urinary system, apart from kidneys and male reproductive system