Quiz 10 Study

Alzheimer’s Disease

- amnesia disorder - associated with a gradually progressive loss of memory, often occurring in old age - associated with an accumulation and clumping of the brain proteins amyloid beta protein and an abnormal form of the tau protein - no drug is currently effective

amnesia

- simply defined as memory loss - different kinds of brain damage results in different types of amnesia

classical conditioning

- pairing two stimuli changes the response to one of them one of which evokes an automatic response* - *conditioned and unconditioned stimulus, conditioned and unconditioned response

conditioned response (CR)

- response evokes a particular response only after it has been paired with an unconditioned response

conditioned stimulus (CS)

- stimulus that evokes a particular response only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus

consolidate

- to strengthen a memory and make it more long lasting

delayed response task

- test of working memory in which you respond to something that you saw or heard a short while ago

instrumental conditioning

- aka operant conditioning - a type of condition in which reinforcement or punishment changes the probabilities of a given behavior

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

- amnesia disorder - brain damage caused by prolonged thiamine deficiency

punishment

- events that decrease the probability that the response will occur again

reinforcer

- events that increase the probability that the response will occur again

unconditioned response (UCR)

- response automatically evoked by an unconditioned stimulus

unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

- stimulus that automatically evokes an unconditioned response

working memory

- storage of memory while one is working with it

anterograde amnesia

- loss of ability to form new memory after the brain damage

declarative memory

- aka explicit memory - deliberate recall of information that one recognizes as a memory

delayed matching-to-sample task

- task in which an animal sees a sample object and then after a delay must choose an object that does not match the sample

episodic memories

- memories of single personal events

explicit memory

- aka declarative memory - deliberate recall of information that one recognizes as a memory

implicit memory

- the influence of experience on behavior even if one does not recognize that influence

procedural memory

- development of motor skills and habits - special kind of implicit memory

retrograde amnesia

- loss of memory of events prior to the occurrence of the brain damage

semantic memories

- memories of factual information

time cells

- some place cells also function as time cells that respond at a particular point in a sequence of time

habituation

- a decrease in response to a stimulus that is presented repeatedly and accompanied by no change in other stimuli

sensitization

- an increase in response to mild stimuli as a result of exposure to more intense stimuli