Bible Arch. and Geo. Test 2

cisterns

the invention of these allowed people to settle far from springs

Shiloh

where the Ark of the Covenant resided for most of the time

Judges

book of the Bible that first mentions the Philistines

Caphtor/Crete

origin of the PhilistinesM

Merneptah Stele

contains the earliest known reference to Israel outside of the Bible

Ugarit

provides first genuine extrabiblical information about Canaanite religious ideas and practices

Ugarit

contains a story similar to Job

Ugarit psalms

provide a rich literary backcloth to the psalms

Judges and beginning of monarchy

period in which the largest number of household altars have been found in Israel

horned altars

altars with horn-like projections on each corner

Gath, Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron

Five cities of the Philistine Confederation

metallurgists

The Philistines were depicted by the Bible as expert ___________________________.

11th

century in which the Philistines reached peak power

battle by championship

common method of battle for the Philistines

sling

David's weapon to kill Goliath, which was common at the time

only two central pillars as sole support of roof

main difference between the Philistine Temple and Canaanite and Solomon's Temples, which would help clarify the story of Samson "bringing down the house"

lyrics found in royal tombs of Ur

discovery that proves royalty in Ancient Near East enjoyed being entertained by court musicians

rebellion/freedom from a royal overlord

what cutting off the hem of Saul's garment was equal to

commemorating victories

practice of pagan kings that Israel did not follow

Hebron

capital where David reigned for 7 years

Ishbosheth

reigned over Israel while David reigned over Judah

Jerusalem

David's new capital upon the death of Ishbosheth

control of trade routes

main source of income for King Solomon

Temple, palace

Solomon's two great building projects

lumber, gold, workmen, ships and sailors

what King Hiriam provided Solomon with

continuous occupation, competing religious claims, political unrest

three reasons many areas have not been excavated

Dan Stele

proves the existence of David by referring to Damascus' victory over the house of David

founding of Carthage

important event in history that historians link the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem to

long-room style with door on short side

style in which Solomon built his Temple

Ain Dara

Temple with storage areas on three sides and two pillars at the entrance like the Temple of Solomon

Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer

Solomon's fortifications at the strategic cities

beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom

location of Ezion-Geber

Gezer Calendar

paleo-Hebrew script containing sequence of normal agricultural events for the area

Gezer Calendar

helped to date developments in the Hebrew language and scripts

ashlars

another name for high-quality beveled rocks

Dan and Bethel

where Jeroboam built worships centers to keep his people from returning to Jerusalem for worship

85

number of settlements Shishak conquered

Rehoboam

paid large sums of tribute to Shishak to spare Jerusalem

Arameans of Damascus

who the northern kingdom of Israel had frequent battles with

Ramoth Gilead

where at least 18 battles between Isreal and the Arameans occurred

Ahab

provided the most hcariots in the Battle of Qarpar

Jehu

king showed bowing before the Assyrian King Shalmaneser III

Jeroboam II

king during which the peak of Israelite expansion and prosperity reached its peak

722 B.C.

Samaria fell to the Assyrians under the leadership of Shalmaneser V

Jeroboam

built the largest monumental city gate in Dan ever found in Palestine

Moabite Stone

reveals Omri conquered Moab and restored it to the control of Israel

Rehoboam

king during the time in which Shishak came up against Jerusalem and took the treasures of the Lord's house away

fire, rain, oil and corn, river

four motifs of Elijah and Elisha

Assurnasirpal

marked the beginning of Assyria's policy of cruelty

Ahab

given credit for fielding the second largest army and over half the chariots in the coalition against Assyria

Babylonian King List

confirms the use of the name "Pul" for Tiglath-Pileser in 1 Kings 15:19

Pul

name used for Tiglath-Pileser in 1 Kings 15:19

Ashur

chief god of Assyria

Menahem

first king of the Northern Kingdom to play tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III

Ahaz

king who appealed to Tiglath-Pileser III for help, incurring the wrath of the prophet Isaiah

Hezekiah

king who initiated religious reforms and built a water tunnel to direct water from the Gihon spring to a pool inside the city

Gihon spring

spring King Hezekiah built a tunnel to divert to another pool inside the city

Sennacherib's invasion of Judah in 70 B.C.

one of the best documented events in the ancient world

597 B.C.

Nebuchadnezzar invades Judah, deporting more than 10,000 Judeans and King Jehoichin

10,000 Judeans, King Jehoichin

those carried away in Nebuchadnezzar's 597 B.C. invasion of Judah

Hezekiah

best documented biblical figure from the period of the divided monarchy

Siloam

pool into which Hezekiah redirected the Gihon Spring to prepare for an attack from Sennacherib

False

True/False: Sennacherib destroyed all of the fortified cities of Judah, including Jerusalem

Lachish

portrayals of Sennacherib's destruction of this Judean city depicted on the walls of his royal palace in Nineveh

Sennacherib

Assyrian king well-known for his atrocities

houses that were broken down

Hezekiah built a new wall quickly in front of the old wall from ____________________________.

True

True/False: Even though he only reigned three months, the Jews in exile still viewed Jehoiachin as their legitimate monarch.

Yaukin

a name used in Nebuchadnezzar's lists of ration allowances scholars have agreed refers to Jehoiachin

establishing an accurate chronology of kings

this proved difficult for many years until Edwin R. Thiele published his study on the chronology of kings

Edwin R. Thiele

published a study on the chronology of kings

accession, nonaccession

two ways of numbering a king's reign

accession

method of numbering a king's reign in which a king is given credit for the year in which he died with the next king's reign beginning the following year

nonaccession

method of numbering a king's reign in which the king is given credit for the year in which he dies, while the successor counts that same year as the start of his own reign

his own

the chronological system a scribe would use when referencing events in other countries

Samaria

capital of the Kingdom of Israel

Omri

king responsible for Samaria's construction

Samaria

only major city in Palestine known to have been founded by Israelites

Jerusalem

more idols discovered in this city than anywhere else in the whole country

Ketef-Hinnom (Aaronic Benediction)

oldest known copy of Biblical text

Sargon

king's existence that was questioned because it was absent from the list of Assyrian kings in the Khorsabad Kings list

Sargon

king we know more about than any other Assyrian king

ostraca

pottery sherds with inscriptions or writing on them

Israelite sanctuary

a surprising discovery at Arad

hanging gardens

one oft he seven wonders of the world built by Nebuchadnezzar in Babylon for his wife

Ishtar Gate

most famous gate of the eight gates in Babylon's double wall defense system

Amos

condemned Samaria for her houses of ivory

bullae

a number of these have been found that verify the names mentioned by Jeremiah or associated with him

Baruch

a bullae seal found with this man's name and partial fingerprint on it

Lachish Letters

written during the time of Jeremiah and King Zedekiah, just before the Babylonian siege, describing the terrible conditions

Lachish Letters

one of the most important extra-Biblical sources available for Hebrew language and handwriting, and for the history of Judah in the days of Jeremiah

olive presses

hundreds of these found in the inland plains and in Samaria, most likely from the time of Isaiah, confirming a large number of people partook in this endeavor

outside city limits

where the Israelites buried their dead

assassination

how Isaiah prophesied that Sennacherib would die

Babylonian Chronicles

where Sennacherib's death by assassination as predicted by Isaiah is recorded

Arad, Be'er-sheva

two high places in Negev

Hezekiah

stopped the pagan worship in the Negev high places

tartan

Assyrian term for supreme commander

rab saris

Assyrian term for chief officer

supreme commander

tartan

chief officer

rab saris

Saul, Absalom

two men in the Bible who erected monuments to their own glory

537 B.C.

date of the first return to Jerusalem, led by Sheshbazzar

1st return

largest of the three returns to Jerusalem

Sheshbazzar

led the first and largest return to Jerusalem

Haggai, Zechariah

two prophets who urged the Israelites to finish rebuilding the Temple after their return

satrapies

name for the administrative units during Darius' reign

beyond the river

Jordan was part of the _________ _________ ______________ satrapy

Ezra

led the second return of the Jews

Ezra

led the spiritual rebuilding of Jerusalem

Nehemiah

led the people in rebuilding the walls in 52 days

52 days

how long it took Nehemiah to rebuild the walls of Jerusakem

Yehud

a Palestinian name used for Judea

pride

what Daniel warned Nebuchadnezzar about

Cyrus

king who practiced a new policy with captives allowing them to return to their homeland and supporting the worship of their own gods

False

True/False: The useage of Aramaic in Daniel is surpising.

1700

number of miles the Persian Royal Road spanned

Susa, Sardis

where the Perisan Royal Road ran from and ran to

Susa

functioned as a capital city and treasury of the Persians

Geshem

Arabian who opposed Nehemiah's work

Elephantine

island near the first cataract of the Nile River containing a Jewish colony of mercenary soldiers and their families

True

True/False: The Elephantine Papyri mention Sanballot and Ezra.

Xerxes

another name for Ahasuerus

Judea, Samaria

two principle provinces of Israel

Aramai papyri in Wadi Daliyeh cave, trove of bullae and seals

two great archaeological discoveries in Judea and Samaria