Tissue Lecture Exam

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Merocrine

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56 Terms
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Merocrine

Secrete products by exocytosis

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Holocrine

Accumulates products then ruputures

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Apocrine

Accumulates products but only ruptures at the apex

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Goblet cells

Found in simple columnar epithelium and pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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Intercalated discs

found in Cardiac Muscle tissue

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Where would you find macrophages? (loose connective tissue)

Areolar and reticular CT

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White fat

Used for nutrient storage, shock absorption, insulations, and energy storage

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Brown fat

Used to heat bloodstream and body

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Hyaline cartilage

Found in the ends of long bones

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Elastic Cartilage

Found in ears and epiglottis

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Fibrocartilage

Strong and able to absorb impact found in intervertebral discs and knee

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Tissues with extremely well regenerative capacity

Epithelial tissue, bone, areolar, dense irregular, and blood forming tissue

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Tissues with moderate regenerative capacity

Smooth muscle and dense regular

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Tissues with no regenerative capacity

Cardiac muscle and nervous tissue

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Examples of connective tissue

Areolar, adipose, reticular, dense regular, dense irregular, elastic CT, hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage, bone, and blood

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What would you find in a bone?

Osteoblasts, Hematopoietic stem cells, collagen, inorganic calcium slats, osteocytes (MAINTAIN MATRIX IN THE BONE), lacunae, and osteons

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Fibroblasts

Found in CT proper

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Chondroblasts

Found in cartilage

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Osteoblasts

found in bone

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Microvilli

help increase surface area in epithelial cells (places of absorption)

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Cilia

help move things across a cell (like mucous)

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What connective tissue elements makes up the extracellular matrix?

Ground substance and fibers

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Simple squamous epithelium (location and function)

Found in air sacs of lungs and are involved in absorption, secretion, and filtration processes

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Simple cuboidal epithelium (location and function)

Found in Kidney tubules and are involved in secretion and absorption

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Simple columnar epithelium (location and function)

Found in digestive tract, gallbladder, ducts of some glands, bronchi, and uterine tubes. Are involved in absorption and secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances

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What type of cells will you see in Areolar CT?

Fibroblasts, macrophages, fat cells, and some white blood cells

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Main function of epithelial tissue

Protections, absorption, filtration, excretions, secretion, sensory reception

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Collagen Fibers

Strongest and most abundant fiber, provides high tensile strength

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Elastic Fibers

Network of long thin elastic fibers that stretch and recoil

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Reticular Fibers

Short, fine, and highly branched collagenous fibers

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Steps in preparing tissue to be viewed under a microscope

  1. fixed and preserved with a solvent

  2. cut into thin slices to transmit light or electrons

  3. stained to enhance contrast

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Tissue

A group of cells similar in stricture that perform common or related functions

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Histology

The study of tissues

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Endocrine glands

Secrete internally (EX hormones), ductless, and travel through bloodstream

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Exocrine glands

Secrete on body surface and cavities through ducts

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Steps in tissue repair

  1. Inflammation (blood vessels dilate, blood clotting occurs)

  2. Organization (blood clot is replaced with granulation tissue, debris is phagocytized, fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to bridge gap, and the epithelium begins to regenerate)

  3. Regeneration (the scab detaches, fibrous tissue matures, epithelium thickens to resemble nearby tissue, ends in regenerated epithelium with underlying scar tissue)

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Main components of CT

Interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, proteoglycans, water

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Main job of Connective Tissue

Support, protections, binding of tissues

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Cardiac muscle

Involuntary and found in the heart

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Skeletal muscle

Voluntary and found attached to bones

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Smooth muscle

Involuntary and found in hollow organs

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Cutaneous membrane

SKIN, a dry membrane

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Mucous membrane

also called mucosae, lines body cavities that are open to the exterior (EX respiratory, urogenital, and digestive), moist membrane, epithelial sheet lies over layer of loose connective tissue called LAMINA PROPRIA, may secrete mucus

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Serous membrane

Also called serosae and found in ventral cavities. Made from simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) resting on areolar CT. PARIETAL serosae lines internal body cavity walls while VISCERAL covers internal organs. moist membranes. Pleurae - lungs Pericardium - heart Peritoneum - abdomen

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Mesenchyme

All connective tissues arise from this as their origin

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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Found in skin, nonkeratinized are found in moist linings

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Primary tissues

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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What makes up myofilaments?

Actin and Myosin, they help contract muscles

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Membrane linings and coverings are composed of what 2 tissues?

Epithelial and CT Proper tissues

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Apical surface

Top surface, used to define stratified epitheliums

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Basal surface

Bottom layer

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Histology tree

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Mesothelium

serous membranes in the ventral body cavities

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Endothelium

lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart

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How do you define a stratified epithelium?

By the apical surface

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Categorize structure of glands

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