Iran apcg

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Ayatollah

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39 Terms
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Ayatollah

Literally, "sign of God." A high-ranking cleric in Iran.

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Theocracy

A state dominated by the clergy, who rule on the grounds that they are the only interpreters of God's will and law.

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Majles

The Iranian parliament, from the Arabic term for "assembly."

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Guardian Council

A committee created in the Iranian constitution to oversee the Majles (the parliament). Also determines who can be president of Iran.

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Leader/Supreme Leader

A cleric elected to be the head of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Appoints military chiefs of staff

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Farsi

Persian word for the Persian language. Fars is a province in south Iran.

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People of the Book

The Muslim term for recognized religious minorities, such as Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians.

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Qur'an

A book of the sacred text of revelations made to Muhammad by Allah.

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Pahlavi

Dynasty that built highly centralized state. Ruled from 1925-1979. Made Resurgence party.

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Bazaar

An urban marketplace where shops, workshops, small businesses, and export-importers are located.

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Political islam

A term for the intermingling of Islam with politics and often used as a substitute for Islamic fundamentalism.

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Jurist's Guardianship

Khomeini's concept that the Iranian clergy should rule on the grounds that they are the divinely appointed guardians of both the law and the people.

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Pasdaran

Persian term for guards, used to refer to the army of Revolutionary Guards formed during Iran's Islamic Revolution.

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Assembly of Experts

Group that nominates and can remove the Supreme Leader in Iran. The assembly is elected by the general electorate, but almost all its members are clerics.

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Hezbollahis

vigilantes in Iran and Shi’i militia in Lebanon

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hojjat al-Islam

Literally, "the proof of Islam." In Iran, it means a medium-ranking cleric.

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Islamism

The use of Islam as a political ideology. Similar to political Islam and Islamic fundamentalism

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Rentier state

A country that obtains much of its revenue from the export of oil or other natural resources and doesn't have to rely on its internal tax base.

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Dual society

A society and economy that are sharply divided into a traditional, usually poorer, and a modern, usually richer, sector. There are also significant inequalities within the traditional and modern sectors.

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OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)

An organization dedicated to achieving stability in the price of oil, avoiding price fluctuations, and generally furthering the interests of the member states.

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Expediency council

A committee set up in Iran to resolve differences between the Majles (parliament) and the Guardian Council. Example of Maslahat

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Imam Jum'ehs

Prayer leaders in Iran's main urban mosques.

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Foundation of the Oppressed

A clerically controlled foundation set up after the revolution in Iran.

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Maslahat

Sunni concept Khomeini introduced  to have public interest or expedient interest  leading to Expediency Council resolving conflict between the Majles and the Guardian Council

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Failed state

a country whose political or economic system has become so weak that the government is no longer in control

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Pariah state

a nation considered to be an outcast in the international community and often subjected to isolation and various sanctions

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Shi’ite

Ethnic majority in Iran

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Mahdi

12th Imam

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Caliph

Successor of Muhammad; chief Muslim civil and religious ruler

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Reza Shah

Last shah of imperial kingdom of Iran

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Mohammed Mossadeq

35th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, after appointment by the 16th Majlis.[4][5] He was a member of the Iranian parliament from 1923, and served through a contentious 1952 election into the 17th Iranian Majlis,[6] until his government was overthrown in the 1953 Iranian coup d'état aided by the intelligence agencies of the United Kingdom (MI6) and the United States (CIA),

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Qajar Dynasty

Turkic origin,[10][11][12] specifically from the Qajar tribe, ruling Iran/Persia from 1789 to 1925

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Resurgence Party

Iran's sole legal political party from 2 March 1975 until 1 November 1978

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Savak

Shah’s secret police

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Shariah

Laws following Islamic religious tradition

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Afghanistan

Country east of Iran and south of turkmenistan

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Persian gulf

Gulf south of Iran

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Iraq

The other large shi’ite country

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Caspian Sea

Sea north of Iran

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