HBS 1.1.1-1.1.2 Quiz Study Guide

Supine

lying face up (laying on spine)

Prone

lying face down

Superior

towards the head

Inferior

away from the head

Anterior

near the front of the body (think A as first in the alphabet, and anterior position is first)

Posterior

further from the front of the body

Medial

closer to the midline of the body

Lateral

away from the midline of the body

Proximal

closer to the origin of structure/limb

Distal

further from the origin of the structure/limb

Superficial

closer to the surface of the body

Deep

further from the surface of the body

Ventral

closer to the abdomen

Dorsal

closer to the back

Planes

an imaginary flat surface that passes though the body (cuts the body)

Sagittal Plane

vertical plane that divides into left and right sides

Midsagittal (median) plane

equal left and right sides when cut by a sagittal plane

Parasagittal

unequal left and right sides

Frontal/Coronal Plane

divides anterior and posterior portions

Transverse Plane

divides into superior and inferior portions

Oblique Plane

divides at an angle between the other angles (diagonals)

Head

skull and face

Trunk

chest, abdomen, pelvis

Upper Limb

shoulder, armpit, arm, forearm, wrist, hand

Lower Limb

buttock, thigh, leg, ankle, foot

Groin

front of the body, thigh attaches to the trunck

Head

cephalic

Skull

cranial

Back of skull

occipital

Neck

cervical

Face

facial

Forehead

frontal

Temple

temporal

Eye

orbital/ocular

Ear

otic

Cheek

buccal

Nose

nasal

Mouth

oral

Chin

mental

Chest

thoracic

Breastbone

sternal

Breast

mammary

Abdomen

abdominal

Navel

umbilical

Hip

coxal

Pelvis

pelvic

Groin

inguinal

Pubis

pubic

Back

dorsal

Shoulder Blade

scapular

Spinal Column

vertebral

Loin

Lumbar

Between hips

sacral

Between anus and external genitals

perineal

Armpit

axillary

Arm

brachial

Front of Elbow

antecubital

Forearm

antebrachial

Back of Elbow

cubital (olecranal)

Wrist

carpal

Palm

palmar or volar

Hand

manual

Thumb

pollex

Fingers

digital or phalangeal

Buttock

gluteal

Thigh

femoral

Knee (anterior)

patellar

Knee (posterior)

popliteal

Leg

crural

Foot

pedal

Ankle

tarsal

Toes

digital or phalangeal

Great/Big Toe

hallux

Sole

plantar

Heel

calcaneal

Body Cavities

spaces within the body that protect, separate, and support internal organ

Cranial Cavity

formed by the cranial bones; contains brain (part of the dorsal cavity)

Vertebral Cavity

formed by the vertebrae; contains spinal fluid (also part of the dorsal cavity)

Meninges

layers of protective tissue that line both cavities

Thoracic Cavity

Chest Cavity

Plueral Cavities

surround each lung

Pericardial Cavity

surrounds the heart

Mediastinum

Between the lungs; contains all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs

Viscera

organs of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Abdominopelvic Cavity

from diaphragm to groin

Abdominal Cavity

contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, parts of the large intestine

Pelvic Cavity

Contains bladder, parts of the large intestine, and reproductive organs

Membranes:

layers of tissue enclosing body cavities

Serous Membrane (serosa)

contains epithelial and connective tissues, produce serous fluid (lubricant)

Parietal Layer

lines the walls of cavities

Visceral Layer

lines and covers the organs

Abdominopelvic can also be called

peritoneum

Regions

left and right hypochondriac (below ribs) region, epigastric region, left and right lumbar region, umbilical region, left and right iliac region, and hypogastric region (below gastric system) LEFT AND RIGHT ARE INVERTED!!

Quadrants

Right upper, Left upper, right lower, left lower. LEFT AND RIGHT ARE INVERTED