PH practice questions (midterm)

What is an example of primary public health prevention? a. Disease prevention b. Periodontal debridement c. Fluoride treatments d. Restorative materials

ANSWER: a

Public health is credited with the dramatic increase in the average life span because of which of the following? a. Vaccinations b. Safety policies c. Family planning d. All of the above

ANSWER: d

What is an example of secondary public health prevention? a. Prevention of disease b. Fluoride treatments c. Restorations d. Patient education

ANSWER: b

What is the main health care research institution in the United States? a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. Food and Drug Administration c. National Institutes of Health d. Johns Hopkins University

ANSWER: c

How has malpractice directly impacted dental care delivery and quality? a. Enabled patients to sue b. Decreased the number of dental providers because of the fear of malpractice suits c. Decreased quality of care d. Increased the number of suits against dental providers

ANSWER: a

What is referred to as a constituent member in the ADHA organization? a. National organizations b. State organizations c. Local organizations d. Student organizations

ANSWER: b

When is school fluoridation recommended? a. When an independent water source is available b. For children who have caries c. For children who have brown discolored areas on enamel d. None of the above

ANSWER: a

Demineralization, enhancement of remineralization, and inhibition of bacterial activity are examples of what? a. Water fluoridation b. Topical fluoridation c. Systemic fluoridation d. Fluoride supplements

ANSWER: b

Which type of fluoride increases children’s risk of developing dental fluorosis? a. Supplements b. Systemic c. Topical d. Both a and b

ANSWER: d

When are sealants most effective? a. When applied without etchant b. When an assistant is utilized c. In the presence of saliva d. When material is cured for one minute

ANSWER: b

What has been recognized as a major unmet need in the United States? a. Health insurance b. Oral Health c. Access to health care d. Geriatric awareness

ANSWER: b

What branch of the federal government has a direct impact on dental care delivery? a. Legislative b. Executive c. Judicial d. All of the above

ANSWER: b

Who or what directs the US Public Health Service? a. US Surgeon General b. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention c. Johns Hopkins University d. Dental Public Health Committee

ANSWER: a

Which organization provides a system of health sur- veillance to monitor and prevent outbreak of diseases and maintain national health statistics? a. National Institutes of Health b. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention c. Food and Drug Administration d. Indian Health Service

ANSWER: b

Which organization is responsible for the Head Start Program? a. Administration on Aging b. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services c. Administration for Children and Families d. Indian Health Services

ANSWER: c

State agencies such as state dental boards fall within which type of law? a. Common b. Statutory c. Constitutional d. Administrative ANSWER: d

ANSWER: d

Which branch of government makes laws for the state? a. Legislative b. Executive c. Administrative d. Judicial

ANSWER: a

Laws which explain what services dental hygienists can provide are found in a. Medicaid rules. b. state law. c. federal Law. d. health care regulations.

ANSWER: b

Judges do not make laws, but they interpret them. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: c

Because federal laws regulate dental hygiene practice, federal senators are involved with state regulation. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: d

The best way to ensure an effective presentation is to a. decrease the number of participants. b. utilize audiovisual aids. c. have at least ten objectives for each presentation. d. be prepared.

ANSWER: d

“Following the presentation, the audience will be able to compare ten healthy and unhealthy snack choices” is an example of a(n) a. goal. b. lesson plan. c. objective. d. healthy behavior.

ANSWER: c

Lecturing is always an effective way to teach dental health education. Lecture always includes the problem- based method of learning. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: d

Which verb pertains to the psychomotor domain? a. Demonstrating b. Comparing c. Advocating d. Defending

ANSWER: a

When used as an objective, the verb understand a. is easily measured. b. is open to misinterpretation. c. always requires skill. d. is frequently used.

ANSWER: b

A group from a local church youth group could be considered a a. target population. b. target population profile. c. faith-based initiative. d. community agency.

ANSWER: a

It is important not to frighten child patients. It is bet- ter not to tell the truth if a procedure could involve some discomfort. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: a

Faith-based initiatives funded by the federal govern- ment do not generally include health care. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: a

Social workers and dental hygienists can work together during programs for target populations a. to provide dental hygiene care. b. to assess dental health. c. to ensure social services for the population. d. to implement periodontal treatment.

ANSWER: c

Inconvenient office hours of a dental practice can become a a. target population profile technique. b. faith-based issue. c. barrier to care. d. long-term strategic plan.

ANSWER: c

Which of the following is part of the planning phase of program planning? a. Identify methods to measure goals b. Assess the population’s dental needs c. Begin program operation d. Revise program as needed

ANSWER: a

Dr. Fones’s original paradigm for the school dental hygienist focused on a. restoration. b. utilization of a case manager. c. prevention of disease. d. all of the above.

ANSWER: c

Which school program is particularly advantageous for middle school athletes? a. Sealant program b. School fluoridation c. Case management d. Athletic mouth guard program

ANSWER: d

During which stage of the program paradigm planning should the target population’s needs be identified? a. Assessment b. Dental hygiene diagnosis c. Planning d. Evaluation

ANSWER: a

A dental hygienist employed in a nursing home could provide routine preventive care. In addition, the den- tal hygienists could have a collaborative relationship with a dentist, so that restorative and urgent care is provided as need. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: c

Program goals should be evaluated based on a. measurement tools. b. baseline data. c. national guidelines. d. state surveillance records.

ANSWER: b

During which phase of program planning should evaluation be started? a. Assessment b. Dental hygiene diagnosis c. Planning d. Evaluation

ANSWER: c

Which type of evaluation refers to the internal evalu- ation of a program? a. Formative b. Summative c. Quantitative d. Qualitative

ANSWER: a

Which type of evaluation is a basic screening? a. Nonclinical b. Clinical c. Provider driven d. Educational

ANSWER: b

An index that measures a conditioin that will not change, such as dental caries, is termed a(n) a. clinical index. b. nonclinical index. c. irreversible index. d. reversible index.

ANSWER: c

Which variable is made up of distinct and separate units or categories but is counted only in whole numbers? a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. Continuous d. Discrete

ANSWER: d

Which scale of measurement contains all of the char- acteristics of the preceding scales and has an absolute zero point determined by nature? a. Interval b. Ordinal c. Ratio d. Numerical

ANSWER: c

Which type of correlational relationship would the following statement indicate: as the consumption of fluoridated water increases, the caries rate decreases. a. Positive b. Inverse c. Strong d. Weak

ANSWER: b

The research hypothesis, also called the alternative or positive hypothesis, is the logical opposite of the null hypothesis. The research hypothesis can indicate a direction of difference. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: c

The chi-square test (χ2) is the most commonly used nonparametric statistic. It is used to determine whether a significant difference exists between fre- quency counts of nominal (categorical or dichoto- mous) data by comparing the observed frequencies to expected frequencies. a. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. b. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.

ANSWER: c