Studied by 139 peopleName:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Color:
Quartz
0 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Cloudy white
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Muscovite
Clear or silvery
1 cleavage (flaky)
Softer than fingernail (-2.5)
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Streak:
Biotite:
Black
1 cleavage (flaky)
Softer than fingernail (-2.5)
Olive green streak
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Orthoclase Feldspar (K-Spar)
Salmon color
2 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Plagioclase Feldspar
Gray/ frosted
2 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Olivine
Green
0 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Color:
Streak:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Hematite
Gray with red
Brown Streak
0 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Color:
Special feature:
Streak:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Magnetite
Gray
Magnetic
Gray streak
0 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Color:
Special feature
Cleavage:
Streak:
Galena
Metallic
High specific gravity (heavy)
3 cleavage
Black streak
Name:
Color:
Special feature:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Streak:
Pyrite
Gold Metallic
High specific gravity
Harder than glass (5.5+)
No cleavage
Black streak
Name:
Color:
Hardness:
Cleavage:
Streak:
Gypsum
Clear
Softer than fingernail (-2.5)
3 cleavage
White streak
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Special feature:
Calcite
Clear
3 cleavage
Reacts to acid
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Horblende
Black/dark green
2 cleavage
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Name:
Special feature:
Color:
Cleavage:
Hardness:
Halite
Salty
Clear
3 cleavage
Harder than fingernail, softer than glass
Name:
Color:
Cleavage:
Streak:
Hardness:
Graphite
Metallic gray
0 cleavage
Gray streak
Softer than fingernail (-2.5)
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Granite
Felsic (pink, clear, white, little black specks)
Phanaritic (can see crystals)
Minerals: Quartz, K-spar, Biotite
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Rhyolite
Felsic (pink)
Porphyritic (coarse & fine-grained)
Minerals: Quartz, muscovite, biotite
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Gabbro
Mafic (Dark gray & black)
Phanaritic (can see crystals)
Minerals: Olivine, pyroxene, anorthite
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Basalt
Mafic (black)
Aphanaritic (Can’t see crystals)
Minerals: Olivine, pyroxene, anorthite
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Vesicular Basalt
Mafic (black)
Vesicular (has holes)
Minerals: Olivine, pyroxene, anorthite
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Diorite
Intermediate (looks like bird poop- black & white)
Phaneritic (can see crystals)
Minerals: Plagioclase, pyroxene, amphibole
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Identifying feature:
Minerals:
Andesite
Mafic (black)
Porphyritic (big pieces in matrix)
Has shiny black speckles
Minerals: Pyroxene, amphibole, plagioclase
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Special Properties:
Pumice
Intermediate (light gray)
Vesicular (many tiny holes)
Very light
Name:
Color index:
Textures:
Obsidian
Felsic (even though it’s black)
Shiny
Glassy
Name:
Color index:
Texture:
Minerals:
Tuff
Felsic (pink)
Pyroclasic (random pieces of rock welded together)
Minerals: Quartz, Biotite, K-spar
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Grain size:
Grain sorting:
Conglomorate
Clastic
Coarse
Rounded
Poorly sorted
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Grain size:
Grain sorting:
Breccia
Clastic
Coarse
Angular
Poorly sorted
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Grain size:
Grain sorting:
Bedding:
Sandstone (Tan)
Clastic
Medium
Rounded
Well sorted
Has bedding
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Grain size:
Grain sorting:
Bedding:
Sandstone (Red)
Clastic
Medium
Rounded
Well Sorted
Has bedding
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Bedding:
Color:
Shale
Clastic
Very fine
Has bedding
Dark gray/black
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Special features:
Coal
Non-clastic
Fine
Made from organic material
Paludal dep. environment
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Hardness:
Special feature:
Chert
Non-clastic
V. fine
Harder than glass (5.5+)
Smooth
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Special features:
Fossiliferous Limestone
Non-clastic
Medium
Has fossil imprints
Reacts with acid
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Special features:
Coquina
Non-clastic
Coarse
Has shells
Reacts with acid
Name:
Type of Sed. Rock:
Texture:
Hardness:
Special feature:
Chalk
Non-clastic
Fine
Softer than fingernail (-2.5)
Reacts with acid
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Protolith:
Slate
Foliated
V. fine
Protolith: Siltstone
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Protolith:
Mica Schist
Foliated
Coarse
Protolith: Shale
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Minerals:
Protolith:
Garnet Schist
Foliated
Medium
Minerals: Garnet crystals
Protolith: Siltstone
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Protolith:
Phyllite
Foliated
Fine
Protolith: Siltstone
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Protolith:
Gneiss
Foliated
Coarse
Protolith: Granite
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Mineral:
Protolith:
Special feature:
Marble
Non-foliated
Coarse
Mineral: Calcite
Protolith: Limestone
Reacts with acid
Name:
Foliation:
Texture:
Color:
Mineral:
Protolith:
Quartzite
Non-folaited
Fine-coarse
Purplish
Mineral: Quartz
Protolith: Quartz sandstone
Note
Flashcard