Enviromental Chemistry

A compound that contains carbon

Compounds that do not contain carbon

required in small amounts- vitamins and minerals

A chemical substance that an organism must obtain in relatively large amounts- carbs, proteins, fats

compounds that form hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water

release hydroxide ions (OH-)

lemon, vinegar, oranges

baking soda, milk, ammonia, bleach

0 most acidic to 6 least acidic

8 least basic to 14 most basic

Acid

the reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution

(water and "salt")

burning fossil fuels, air pollution, water pollution

kills trees and plants; wears away stone buildings and statues; leaches harmful metals

treat (soil or water) with lime to reduce acidity

base

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference( low to high concentration)

the starches and sugars present in foods

Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues

make up DNA and RNA

process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use

Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant

The change of state from a gas to a liquid

The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas

Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface. (rain, snow, sleet, or hail)

breathing in

eating and drinking. nutrients are broken up physically and chemically in the body.

the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.

surface on which an organism lives