Human Geography-Unit 3

the beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies shared by a society and passed down from generation to generation

a shared object or cultural practice

a visible object or technology that a culture creates

a structure or organization of a culture that influences social behavior

a central, enduring element of a culture that reflects its shared ideas, values, knowledge, and beliefs

the long-established behaviors, beliefs, and practices passed down from generation to generation

the evaluation of a culture by its own standards

the tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to preconceived ideas originating from their own culture

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.

a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values

the ways in which humans make sense of themselves and how they wish to be viewed by others

the notion that successive societies leave behind their cultural imprint within a geographic region, which shapes the cultural landscape

the state belonging to a group of people who share common cultural characteristics

a cultural landscape within a community of people outside of their area of origin

The widespread of beliefs behaviors and practices of ordinary people in society at a given point

an established building style of different cultures, religions, and places

a building style that emerged as a reaction to “modern” designs, and values diversity in design

a system of spiritual beliefs that helps form cultural perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and values

a distinct system of communication that is the carrier of human thoughts and cultural identities

name of a place

the products and practices of small-scale social groups living in rural locations

is a social role based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality.

communities that live within, or are attached to, geographically distinct traditional habitats or ancestral territories, and who identify themselves as being part of a distinct cultural group.

The contribution of a location's distinctive physical features to the way food tastes

the process by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another over time

an area where cultural traits develop and from which cultural traits diffuse

the spread of a cultural trait outward from where it originated

the process by which an idea or cultural trait spreads rapidly among people of all social classes and levels of power that are conjoining another

the spread of an idea or trait from a person or place of power or authority to other people or places in lower places of power

Hierarchical diffusion occuring from the bottom of the hierarchy to the top

the process by which a cultural trait or idea spreads to another culture or region but is modified to adapt to the new culture

occurs when people move from their original location to another and bring their innovations with them

common language used among speakers of different languages

the blending of two or more languages that may not include the features of either original languag

the process by which cultures become more similar through interaction

is the process by which people across the world have become increasingly connected through travel, trade, and technology.

The flow of people from rural to urban areas

is when a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic or political gain.

when a country enacts policies to extend its influence over other countries through diplomacy or force.

refers to the decline in travel time between geographical locations as a result of transportation, communication, and related technological and social innovations.

a simplified speech used for communication between people with different languages.

the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture

the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while not retaining their own distinct culture

process of innovation combining different cultural features into something new

a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating

a culture in which people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family and to be obedient to and respectful of elder family members

the policy of protecting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants.

a group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a particular hearth, or region of origin

a language that is unrelated to any other known language

a collection of languages within a language family that share a common origin and separated from other branches in the same family several thousand years ago

a variation of a standard language distinguished by differences in pronunciation, degree of rapidity in speech, word choice, and spelling.

relating to the family of languages spoken over the greater part of Europe and Asia as far as northern India.

a religion that tries to appeal to all humans and is open to membership by everyone

a universalizing religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ that began in what is now the West Bank and Israel around the beginning of the common era and has spread to all continents

a religion that is closely tied with a particular ethnic group living in a particular place

an ethnic religion that arose a few thousand years ago in South Asia and is closely tied to India

the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward non-religious values and secular institutions.

a boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions

relating to or denoting a large language family of eastern Asia whose branches include Sinitic (Chinese), Tibeto-Burman (Burmese and Tibetan), and, in some classifications, Tai (Thai and Lao).