Studied by 132 peoplenativists
Americans and others who opposed immigration.
middle class
a social and economic level between the wealthy and the poor
Transcendentalism
the belief that people could rise above material objects
Henry David Thoreau
a person who believed and wrote about transcendentalism
Emily Dickinson
an American writer who wrote poems that were published after her death
Temperance Movement
a reform effort that urged people to use self-disciple to stop drinking hard liquor
Why was the Temperance Movement started?
to stop alcohol abuse
Horace Mann
a leader of the common-school movement
the common-school movement
people who wanted all children taught in a common place regardless of background
abolition
the complete end to slavery
Sojourner Truth
a former slave that helped with the abolitionist movement and the women’s right movement
Harriet Tubman
The most famous and daring conductor of the Underground Railroad, she freed many slaves
Fredrick Douglas
had speaking tours about his experiences as a slave, wrote an autobiography, an abolitionist paper, and got black soldier to fight in the Civil War
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Formed the Seneca Falls Convention which fought for women’s rights
Susan B. Anthony
Fought for women’s rights and equal job opportunities
Second Great Awakening
a Christian renewal movement in 1790s-early 1800s that started in New York.
Prison reform
helped with getting the mentally ill out of prisons, overcrowding, and cruelty
Who was an important leader in the Second Great Awakening?
Charles Grandison Finney
What was the Underground Railroad?
a way for slaves to escape slavery through a system of house until they got to the north
What caused a lot of Irish immigrants in America?
the potato blight/famine
What kind of workers did immigrants become?
factory workers/unskilled laborers
Why did Germans come to America?
economic opportunities and freedom
What kind of workers were German immigrants?
skilled laborers ex. tailers, seamstresses, artisans
How did immigration effect American workers?
it took away work from Americans
Know-Nothing Party
supported measures that made it very difficult for foreigners o become citizen or hold office
How did the influx in immigration change cities?
The population in cities grew rapidly
What problems were caused by cities growing rapidl?
overcrowdedness, sanitation issues (cholera), lack of police and firefighters
What did the lack of police an firefighters cause?
an increase of fires and crime
Thomas Gallaudet
Founded the first free school in America for the hearing impaired
Nathaniel Hawthorne
wrote the Scarlet Letter, a novel about Puritan life in the 1600s
Herman Melville
an American writer
Walt Whitman
an American poet who believed in transcendentalism
Note
Flashcard