Studied by 46 peopleWhat are the different types of sensory neurons?
Chemoreceptors Mechanoreceptors Photoreceptors Thermoreceptors Nociceptors Auditory receptors
What do the chemoreceptors control?
Chemicals
What do mechanoreceptors control?
Mechanical movement
Photoreceptors control...
Light + Sight
What do thermoreceptors do?
respond to changes in temperature
What do nociceptors do?
detect pain
What do auditory receptors do?
Monitor audible information
Neuroglia supports and protects
neurons
What are the main functions of neuroglia?
Provide support and protection to neurons Transport nutritional elements to neurons Removal of waste products from neurons
What are the two main subdivisions of the nervous system?
Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system
The CNS is made up of
Brain Spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system contains
motor and sensory neurons
Motor neurons are split into
somatic autonomic
Autonomic nervous system is split into
sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
a set of nerves that helps the body return to a normal resting state
sympathetic nervous system
a set of nerves that prepares the body for action in challenging or threatening situations
The brain is
centre of conscious awareness key in decision making
What is the outer layer of the brain?
cerebral cortex
How many hemispheres are in the brain
2
The cerebral cortex distinguishes us from
animals
The brain contains what neurons
relay neurons
The spinal cord is an extension of the
brain
This is responsible for reflex actions
spinal cord
The spinal cord contains what neurons
relay neurons
What does the spinal cord receive?
info from senses and controls body response
C3-5 keeps...
diaphragm alive
T2-T11 keeps your
intercostals out of heaven
There are x pairs of of cranial nerves in the PNS
12 pairs
There is 31 pairs of spinal nerves in the
PNS
The brain weighs about
1300g, 3lb
The brain is the centre of the..
nervous system
The brain is supported by
CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
The frontal lobe is responsible for
Motor control Problem solving Speech production
Touch perception and body orientation/sensory discrimination is part of which lobe?
parietal lobe
occipital lobe helps
sight visual reception and interpretation
Cerebellum controls
Balance and coordination
The brainstem controls
involuntary functions
Auditory procession, language comprehension and memory retrieval is found in which lobe?
Temporal lobe
The cerebrum has
2 large hemispheres
Cerebrum contains
motor areas for voluntary muscles
The sensory areas send info to the
cerebrum
Is the cerebrum responsible for higher mental power
yes
What area processes conscious thoughts
cerebrum
The frontal lobes are
largest in brain
Where are the frontal lobes
front of cranium, anterior to parietal lobes
Frontal lobes are involved in
Planning, organisation, problem solving, memory, impulse control, decision making, Speech and language, behaviour and emotions
The temporal lobes sit ... to the frontal lobes
posteriorly
These lobes can be found superior to temporal lobes
parietal lobes
Parietal lobes help us
integrate sensory info control sensation balance handwriting
Occipital lobes are located where
posterior to temporal and parietal lobes
occipital lobes contain areas which
receive and process visual info help us perceive colour sizes and shapes
Cerebellum controls
Balance and coordination
Hippocampus is located
between temporal lobes
The hippocampus is hypersensitive to
hypoxia/decrease in blood flow
Brainstem contains
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
The midbrain acts as a
relay station connecting upper brain to lower regulates auditory and visual reflexes
The pons forms
links joining brain together
How long is the pons?
2.5cm/1inch
what areas of the pons control respiration
apneustic and pneumotaxic areas
apneustic and pneumotaxic areas control
respiratory centre in medulla
medulla oblongata
Part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion.
How long is the spinal cord?
45 cm
Where does the spinal cord end?
L1-L2
The spinal cord tapers into
conus medullaris
How many layers are the meninges
three
What do the meninges do?
protect brain and spinal cord
Brain haemorrhage may push down onto
pia mater (blood brain barrier)
What does the arachnoid space allow for?
Fluid to move in and out, pot. for bleed
The dura mater
thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord
This lines inner surface of the skill and loose sheath around spinal cord
dura mater
The dura mater does NOT contain large blood vessels
FALSE
The large vessels in the dura mater drain
venous blood and CSF into internal jugular veins
The arachnoid mater is
delicate membrane attached to inner layer of dura-mater delicate fibres extend through arachnoid space into pia mater
CSF circulates in
subarachnoid space
The pia mater
thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
Is the pia mater vascular or avascular?
highly vascular
How many ventricles are in the brain?
four
HI can cause X to leak out of ears
CSF
CSF is what colour
straw/clear
How much CSF do we produce in a minute?
0.5ml
How much CSF do we produce a day?
720ml
What is the constant CSF volume?
130-150ml
What are the functions of CSF?
buoyancy, protection, stability, maintains pressure, transports nutrients
What are cholinergic receptors?
nicotinic and muscarinic
How many cranial nerves are there?
12 pairs
Note
Flashcard