Studied by 177 peopleAlcohol Blackouts
Memory loss associated with alcohol
Naltrexone
Binds endorphin receptors to block the effects of alcohol
Disulferam
Causes unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, such as vomiting and nausea
Acamprosate
Maintains abstinence by restoring the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition
BAC
Blood Alcohol Concentration
Recovered
Cessation of heavy drinking and remission from AUD, NOT the same as cured
Smoking Alcohol
Heating alcohol and inhaling the vapors. Causes rapid and intense "high".
Tolerance
Tolerance to alcohol's effects. Requires drinking more to get the same "high"
Recovered vs. Cured
Alcoholics can recover, but cannot be cured. Relapses can occur.
Effects of Alcohol on Kidneys
Reduction in blood filtration rate, causing dehydration due to electrolyte deficiency.
Blood-breathe ratio
2100:1 Blood:Alcohol normally, this ratio is used by breathalyzer to calculate BAC
Alcoholic Myopathy
Loss of muscle and cell function due to alcohol
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
Damage to heart muscles due to alcohol
Alcoholics Anonymous
Support group for AUD
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Earliest stage of alcohol related liver disease, leads to cirrhosis
Detoxification
Stopping consumption of alcohol, cleansing it from your body
Cirrhosis
Scarring(fibrosis) caused by alcohol. Makes it more difficult for liver to function
Wet Brain (Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome)
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency, causes confusion, loss of muscle control, abnormal eye movement, cannot be cured
Delirium Tremens
Rapid onset of confusion due to alcohol withdrawal
Hallucinations
Hearing , seeing, or touching things that aren't there
-itis
inflammation
AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder)
Addiction to alcohol
1 Drink - Beer
12 oz
1 Drink - Wine
5 oz
1 Drink - Distilled Spirits
1.5 oz
Functioning Alcoholic
Those who can still participate in most regular activities without exhibiting all the effects of AUD.
Stomach Sphincter
Wider when you have an empty stomach. Drinking on an empty stomach causes faster absorption of alcohol.
How many drinks puts you over 0.08 BAC?
Male: 4-5 Female: 3-4
Who has higher body fat percentage?
Women
Effect of Alcohol on Inhibitions
Significantly lowers these barriers, leading to risky behavior.
Breathalyzer
Measures the BAC in a person's blood
Vaportini
Glass instrument used to heat up alcohol to be inhaled
Drunk Walking
Lack of posture, composure, standards when walking, reduced likelihood to use crosswalks and traffic lights
1st in accidental deaths
Car Accidents (50% alcohol related)
2nd in accidental deaths
Falls
3rd in accidental deaths
Drowning
4th in accidental deaths
Burning
FASD (Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder)
Physical and mental impairment due to alcohol consumption during pregnancy
1st in preventable deaths
Smoking
2nd in preventable deaths
Obesity
3rd in preventable deaths
Alcohol
Barriers to treatment
Fear, distractions, severe symptoms
Effective treatment
Acknowledgement (willingness to be treated), detoxification (cleansing alcohol from body), rehabilitation (return to normal life)
Role of Sulfuric Acid in Breathalyzer
Moves alcohol from air to liquid to measure BAC
Ethanol
Active ingredient in alcohol
Number of people with some form of alcoholism
30 million
Number of teens with some form of alcoholism
13 million
Volatility
Tendency to evaporate. Alcohol has much higher volatility than water.
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs within the lungs
How can alcohol be absorbed?
Absorbed through mucosal cavity, stomach, small intestine
Alcohol Amnestic Syndrome (Korsakoff Syndrome)
Caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), reversible
Note
Flashcard